Table 4 Multilevel logistic regression analysis for factors associated with VCT uptake among Ethiopian women, 2016

Age

15–24

1

1

25–34

2.34 (2.10–2.61)

2.29 (2.05–2.56)

 ≥ 35

1.16 (1.43–1.82)

1.55 (1.38–1.75)

Marital status

Never married

1

1

Ever married

3.71 (3.32–4.15)

3.87 (3.46–4.32)

Women’s education

No education

1

1

Primary

1.76 (1.58–1.97)

1.68 (1.51–1.88)

Secondary

3.32 (2.85–3.86)

3.07 (2.64–3.58)

Higher

5.57 (4.53–6.89)

5.15 (4.17–6.36)

Working status

Not working

1

1

Working

1.32 (1.20–1.44)

1.28 (0.98–1.40)

Wealth index

Poorest

1

1

Poorer

1.63 (1.40–1.89)

1.46 (1.25–1.70)

Middle

1.85 (1.58–2.17)

1.56 (1.32–1.84)

Richer

2.37 (2.01–2.79)

1.88 (1.58–2.24)

Richest

4.24 (3.58–5.06)

2.37 (1.91–2.94)

Knowledge

Low

1

1

High

1.15 (1.04–1.28)

1.07 (0.97–1.19)

Comprehensive

1.34 (1.18–1.56)

1.21 (1.06–1.37)

Stigma

No

1

1

Low

0.97 (0.80–1.18)

0.99 (0.81–1.20)

Moderate

0.91 (0.75–1.10)

0.96 (0.79–1.17)

High

0.82 (0.66–1.01)

0.81 (0.74–0.92)

Media exposure

No

1

1

Yes

1.09 (0.99–1.21)

1.01 (0.90–1.11)

Sexual Risky Behavior

No

1

1

Some

2.16 (1.74–2.67)

2.09 (1.69–2.49)

High

1.27 (0.88–1.84)

1.28 (0.87–1.85)

Residence

Urban

1

1

1

Rural

0.20 (0.17–0.24)

0.68 (0.54–0.85)

0.96 (0.74–1.26)

Distance from health facility

Big problem

1

1

Not a big problem

1.30 (1.19–1.43)

1.16 (1.06–1.27)

1.08 (0.98–1.16)

Community wealth index

Low

1

1

1

High

2.04 (1.82–2.27)

1.33 (1.03–1.72)

1.20 (1.03–1.57)

Community-level literacy

Low

1

1

1

High

4.65 (3.89–5.55)

1.46 (1.14–1.86)

1.16 (1.05–1.51)

Community knowledge

Low

1

1

1

High

4.79 (4.02–5.70)

2.20 (1.84–2.63)

2.03 (1.68–2.45)

Community stigma

Low

1

1

1

High

0.61 (0.51–0.73)

0.59 (0.50–0.69)

0.89 (0.76–1.04)

Community sexual risk

Low

1

1

1

High

2.11 (1.71–2.59)

1.17 (1.01–1.36)

1.04 (0.89–1.23)