Table 1 Baseline metabolic characteristics stratified by physical activity level in 8543 participants with breast cancer in the WHI study
Physical activity level | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 1987 N (%) | > 0–2.9 892 N (%) | 3–8.9 1958 N (%) | ≥ 9 3706 N (%) | P value | |
Patient characteristics | |||||
Age group (enrollment) | |||||
50 to 54 | 229 (12) | 125 (14) | 253 (13) | 490 (13) | 0.4278 |
55 to 59 | 440 (22) | 201 (23) | 431 (22) | 785 (21) | |
60 to 69 | 939 (47) | 407 (46) | 922 (47) | 1741 (47) | |
70 to 79 | 379 (19) | 159 (18) | 352 (18) | 690 (19) | |
Race/ethnicity | |||||
White | 1658 (84) | 759 (86) | 1713 (89) | 3351 (91) | < 0.0001 |
Black | 193 (10) | 73 (8) | 119 (6) | 166 (5) | |
Hispanic | 63 (3) | 27 (3) | 44 (2) | 63 (2) | |
American Indian | 6 (0) | 5 (1) | 8 (0) | 11 (0) | |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 51 (3) | 16 (2) | 50 (3) | 72 (2) | |
Education | |||||
High school or less | 497 (25) | 175 (20) | 345 (18) | 503 (14) | < 0.0001 |
> High school/GED | 1474 (75) | 713 (80) | 1596 (82) | 3180 (86) | |
CT participant | |||||
Observational Arm | 967 (49) | 434 (49) | 1033 (53) | 2418 (65) | < 0.0001 |
Clinical Trial Arm | 1020 (51) | 458 (51) | 925 (47) | 1288 (35) | |
No mammogram in last 2 years | |||||
Mammogram within 2 years | 1582 (82) | 749 (86) | 1673 (88) | 3272 (91) | |
No mammogram within 2 years | 344 (18) | 119 (14) | 232 (12) | 343 (9) | < 0.0001 |
Body-mass Index (BMI) kg/m2 (kg/m2) | |||||
< 25 | 415 (21) | 234 (26) | 632 (32) | 1601 (44) | < 0.0001 |
25–< 30 | 640 (32) | 274 (31) | 730 (37) | 1279 (35) | |
30–< 35 | 478 (24) | 206 (23) | 366 (19) | 552 (15) | |
35 + | 440 (22) | 174 (20) | 220 (11) | 238 (6) | |
Cardiometabolic abnormalities | |||||
Waist circumference | |||||
< 88 cm | 844 (42) | 422 (47) | 1144 (58) | 2536 (68) | < 0.0001 |
≥ 88 cm | 1143 (58) | 470 (53) | 814 (42) | 1170 (32) | |
History of high cholesterol | |||||
No | 1704 (86) | 762 (85) | 1700 (87) | 3217 (87) | 0.1943 |
Yes | 283 (14) | 130 (15) | 258 (13) | 489 (13) | |
History of diabetes | |||||
No | 1852 (93) | 849 (95) | 1861 (95) | 3580 (97) | < 0.0001 |
Yes | 135 (7) | 43 (5) | 97 (5) | 126 (3) | |
Blood pressure | |||||
Normal | 1031 (52) | 458 (51) | 1138 (58) | 2240 (60) | < 0.0001 |
High | 956 (48) | 434 (49) | 820 (42) | 1466 (40) | |
Cardiometabolic abnormalities group (baseline) | |||||
0 | 470 (24) | 233 (26) | 669 (34) | 1494 (40) | < 0.0001 |
1–2 | 1348 (68) | 584 (65) | 1171 (60) | 2052 (55) | |
3–4 | 169 (9) | 75 (8) | 118 (6) | 160 (4) | |
Tumor characteristics | |||||
Tumor size | |||||
< 1 cm | 564 (29) | 276 (32) | 570 (30) | 1156 (32) | 0.0096 |
1–< 2 cm | 794 (41) | 354 (41) | 801 (42) | 1500 (41) | |
≥ 2 cm | 568 (29) | 233 (27) | 537 (28) | 960 (26) | |
Paget or diffuse | 8 (0) | 3 (0) | 5 (0) | 9 (0) | |
Morphology—grading | |||||
Well differentiated | 465 (25) | 244 (29) | 539 (30) | 1015 (29) | 0.0005 |
Moderately differentiated | 847 (46) | 367 (44) | 804 (44) | 1604 (46) | |
Poorly differentiated | 470 (26) | 206 (25) | 439 (24) | 798 (23) | |
Anaplastic | 43 (2) | 14 (2) | 28 (2) | 55 (2) | |
# lymph nodes examined | |||||
Median (IQR+) | 4 (2–13) | 3 (1–11) | 4 (1–11) | 4 (1–11) | 0.0254 |
# positive nodes | |||||
0 | 1322 (67) | 616 (69) | 1323 (68) | 2554 (69) | 0.0103 |
1–3 | 322 (16) | 140 (16) | 320 (16) | 551 (15) | |
≥ 4 | 135 (7) | 44 (5) | 105 (5) | 181 (5) | |
+ nodes NOS | 6 (0) | 4 (0) | 9 (0) | 2 (0) | |
None examined | 200 (10) | 88 (10) | 201 (10) | 413 (11) | |
Summary stage (SEER) | |||||
Localized | 1482 (75) | 691 (77) | 1494 (76) | 2895 (78) | 0.0053 |
Regional | 505 (25) | 201 (23) | 464 (24) | 811 (22) | |
Hormone receptor status | |||||
ER or PR+ | 1614 (86) | 748 (88) | 1632 (87) | 3073 (88) | 0.2144 |
ER and PR− | 257 (14) | 103 (12) | 252 (13) | 432 (12) | |
HER2/NEU | |||||
Positive | 259 (17) | 87 (12) | 215 (14) | 402 (14) | 0.0504 |
Negative | 1298 (83) | 625 (88) | 1357 (86) | 2478 (86) | |
Lifestyle factors | |||||
Smoking status | |||||
Never smoker | 964 (49) | 471 (53) | 1007 (52) | 1709 (47) | < 0.0001 |
Past smoker | 826 (42) | 354 (40) | 824 (42) | 1794 (49) | |
Current smoker | 171 (9) | 58 (7) | 108 (6) | 169 (5) | |
Alcohol intake | |||||
Non drinker | 253 (13) | 106 (12) | 191 (10) | 239 (6) | < 0.0001 |
Past drinker | 413 (21) | 171 (19) | 288 (15) | 505 (14) | |
< 1 drink per month | 295 (15) | 110 (12) | 249 (13) | 385 (10) | |
< 1 drink per week | 400 (20) | 179 (20) | 419 (21) | 763 (21) | |
1 to < 7 drinks per week | 409 (21) | 217 (24) | 557 (29) | 1160 (31) | |
7 + drinks per week | 200 (10) | 107 (12) | 247 (13) | 638 (17) | |
Cause of death | |||||
Alive | 1219 (62) | 586 (67) | 1383 (72) | 2600 (71) | < 0.0001 |
Breast cancer | 190 (10) | 75 (9) | 156 (8) | 259 (7) | |
CVD | 192 (10) | 70 (8) | 122 (6) | 269 (7) | |
Other cancer | 121 (6) | 42 (5) | 93 (5) | 189 (5) | |
Alzheimer’s/Dementia | 51 (3) | 23 (3) | 61 (3) | 98 (3) | |
Other | 178 (9) | 74 (9) | 110 (6) | 233 (6) | |