Table 3 Association between the clinical characteristics of study women and the types (benign and premalignant/malignant) of endometrial lesions
Clinical characteristics of study women | Benign lesions (n = 986 women) | Premalignant and malignant lesions (n = 34 women) | Univariate analysis | P-value closed testing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Significance | ||||
Age (years) | 55.27 ± 13.25 | 61.24 ± 9.69 | * t = − 2.60, [95% C.I.: − 10.47 to − 1.46], P < 0.01 | 8 | P = 0.04 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.89 ± 6.53 | 34.24 ± 10.24 | * t = − 6.30, [95% C.I.: − 9.63 to − 5.06], P < 0.0001 | 1 | P = 0.000001 |
< 25 | 442 (44.83%) | 10 (29.41%) | O.R. = 0.51 [95% C.I.: 0.24–1.08], P = 0.08, NS | 13 | P > 0,95, NS |
25–29.9 | 302 (30.63%) | 9 (26.47%) | O.R. = 0.81 [95% C.I.: 0.37–1.76], P = 0.60, NS | 21 | P > 0,95, NS |
30–39.9 | 214 (21.7%) | 11 (32.35%) | O.R. = 1.72 [95% C.I.: 0.82–3.59], P = 0.14, NS | 15 | P > 0,95, NS |
> 40 | 28 (2.84%) | 4 (11.76%) | O.R. = 4.56 [95% C.I.: 1.50–13.82], P < 0.01 | 9 | P = 0.081, NS |
Premenopause | 399 (40.47%) | 4 (11.76%) | O.R. = 0.19 [95% C.I.:0.06–0.56], P < 0.005 | 7 | P = 0.0343 |
Postmenopause | 587 (59.53%) | 30 (88.24%) | O.R. = 5.09 [95% C.I.:1.78–14.58], P < 0.005 | 5 | P = 0.0195 |
Systemic hypertension | 329 (33.37%) | 19 (55.88%) | O.R. = 2.52 [95% C.I.:1.26–5.04], P < 0.01 | 10 | P = 0.09, NS |
Diabetes mellitus | 77 (7.81%) | 8 (23.53%) | O.R. = 3.63 [95% C.I.:1.59–8.29], P < 0.005 | 6 | P = 0.0294 |
Use of tamoxifen | 59 (5.98%) | 0 (0%) | O.R. = 0.22 [95% C.I.: 0.01–3.73], P = 0.29, NS | 19 | P > 0.95, NS |
AUB | |||||
AUB in premenopause | 230/233 (98.71%) | 3/233 (1.29%) | O.R. for women with AUB of having premalignant/malignant lesions: 2.20 [95% C.I.: 0.22–21.37], P = 0.49, NS | 14 | P > 0,95, NS |
No AUB in premenopause | 169/170 (99.4%) | 1/170 (0.6%) | |||
AUB in postmenopause | 163/183 (89.07%) | 20/183 (10.93%) | O.R. for women with AUB of having premalignant/malignant lesions: 5.20 [95% C.I.: 2.38 – 11.35], P < 0.0001 | 2 | P = 0.00018 |
No AUB in postmenopause | 424/434 (97.7%) | 10/434 (2.3%) | |||
Transvaginal ultrasound findings | |||||
Women who underwent the procedure | 986 (100%) | 34 (100%) | O.R. = n.d | ||
Thickened endometrium with respect to the age or phase of the menstrual cycle | 607 (61.56%) | 27 (79.41%) | O.R. = 2.40 [95% C.I.:1.03–5.58], P < 0.05 | 11 | P = 0.528, NS |
Women with endometrial polyps detected at TVS and confirmed histologically | 468 (47.46%) | 12 (35.29%) | O.R. = 0.60 [95% C.I.:0.29–1.23], P = 0.16, NS | 16 | P > 0,95, NS |
Diagnostic hysteroscopy | |||||
Women who underwent the procedure | 820 (83.16%) | 29 (85.29%) | O.R. = 1.17 [95% C.I.:0.44–3.07], P = 0.7440 | 22 | P > 0,95, NS |
Endometrial polyp(s) diagnosed at hysteroscopy | 758/820 (92.43%) | 26/29 (89.65%) | O.R. = 0.70 [95% C.I.:0.20–2.40], P = 0.58, NS | 20 | P > 0,95, NS |
Thickened endometrium with respect to the age or phase of the menstrual cycle | 257/820 (31.34%) | 12/29 (41.38%) | O.R. = 1.54 [95% C.I.:0.72–3.28], P = 0.25, NS | 18 | P > 0,95, NS |
Multiple endometrial polyps | 198/820 (24.14%) | 10/29 (34.48%) | O.R. = 1.65 [95% C.I.:0.75–3.61], P = 0.20, NS | 17 | P > 0,95, NS |
Atypical aspect of endometrial polyps | 7/903 (0.78%) ** | 10/33 (30.3%) *** | O.R. = 55.65 [95% C.I.:19.45–159.16], P < 0.0001 | 4 | P = 0.000396 |
Mean polyp size (mm) | 9.27 ± 3.98 | 12.68 ± 7.29 | * t = − 4.73, [95% C.I.: − 4.82 to − 1.99], P < 0.0001 | 3 | P = 0.000294 |
Mean number of endometrial polyps/woman | 1.1 ± 0.34° | 1.0 ± 0.1°° | *t = -1.71, [95% C.I.: − 0.21 to 0.01], P = 0.08, NS | 12 | P > 0,95, NS |