Table 3 Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression results for factors associated with disagreement with wife-beating among married women: evidence from DHSs of 28 SSA countries

Age in years

15–19

Ref

Ref

20–24

1.66 (1.30–2.11)***

1.34 (1.04–1.73)*

25–29

1.95 (1.52–2.51)***

1.41 (1.09–1.82)**

30–34

2.05 (1.55–2.71)***

1.48 (1.12–1.96)**

35–39

1.78 (1.37–2.31)***

1.33 (0.99–1.79)

40–44

2.01 (1.46–2.78)***

1.61 (1.16–2.23)**

45–49

1.91 (1.38–2.64)***

1.50 (1.07–2.11)*

Women’s educational level

No formal education

Ref

Ref

Primary school

1.27 (1.06–1.53)**

1.11 (0.92–1.35)

Secondary school

2.68 (2.21–3.26)***

1.54 (1.20–1.97)**

Higher education

7.17 (3.70–13.90)***

2.50 (1.17–5.33)*

Husband educational level

No formal education

Ref

Ref

Primary school

0.79 (0.65–0.95)*

0.78 (0.65–0.94)*

Secondary school

1.43 (1.19–1.71)***

0.75 (0.62–0.92)**

Higher education

2.98 (1.87–4.74)***

0.58 (0.33–1.00)

Currently working

No

Ref

Yes

0.84 (0.71–1.01)

–

Wealth index

Poorest

Ref

Ref

Poorer

1.06 (0.87–1.30)

1.12 (0.91–1.39)

Middle

1.39 (1.08–1.80)*

1.51 (1.12–2.04)**

Richer

3.08 (2.28–4.17)***

3.18 (2.17–4.66)***

Richest

6.17 (4.44–8.58)***

5.65 (3.65–8.77)***

Media exposure

No

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.77 (1.51–2.08)***

0.85 (0.73–1.01)

Parity

0

Ref

1–2

1.10 (0.78–1.56)

–

3–4

1.04 (0.73–1.47)

–

5 + 

0.89 (0.64–1.25)

–

Decision making

No

Ref

Ref

Yes

1.59 (1.37–1.84)***

1.38 (1.19–1.61)***

Religion

Christian

Ref

Ref

Others

0.68 (0.52–0.89)

0.91 (0.69–1.19)

Barriers to accessing healthcare service

No

Ref

Ref

Yes

0.72 (0.60–0.87)**

0.93 (0.77–1.12)

Place of residence

Urban

Ref

Ref

Rural

0.45 (0.36–0.55)***

1.07 (0.81–1.43)