Table 1 Distribution of women by individual and community characteristics by cervical cancer screening status (N = 9955)
Characteristics | Never screened N (%) | Ever screened N (%) | Overall N (%) | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 8617 (86.6) | 1338 (13.4) | 9955 | Â |
Age group | 0.001 | |||
 ≤30 | 5457 (92.3) | 454 (7.6) | 5911 (59.4) |  |
 31–49 | 3160 (78.1) | 884 (21.9) | 4044 (40.6) |  |
Religion | 0.026 | |||
 Christians | 8106 (86.4) | 1279 (13.6) | 9385 (94.3) |  |
 Non-Christians | 511 (89.7) | 59 (10.4) | 570 (5.7) |  |
Education level | 0.001 | |||
 ≤Primary | 2302 (92.4) | 189 (7.6) | 2491 (25.0) |  |
 Secondary | 5757 (86.7) | 880 (13.3) | 6637 (66.7) |  |
 Post-secondary | 558 (67.5) | 268 (32.5) | 827 (8.3) |  |
Currently working | 0.001 | |||
 No | 4543 (92.2) | 385 (7.8) | 4928 (49.5) |  |
 Yes | 4074 (81.0) | 953 (19.0) | 5027 (50.5) |  |
Covered by health insurance | 0.001 | |||
 No | 7800 (89.3) | 939 (10.7) | 8739 (87.8) |  |
 Yes | 817 (67.2) | 399 (32.2) | 1216 (12.2) |  |
Region | 0.001 | |||
 Manicaland_ | 927 (91.0) | 92 (9.0) | 1019 (10.2) |  |
 Mashonaland | 2587 (87.5) | 370 (12.5) | 2957 (29.7) |  |
 Matabeleland | 1530 (91.2) | 148 (8.8) | 1678 (16.9) |  |
 Midlands | 965 (90.9) | 97 (9.1) | 1062 (10.7) |  |
 Masvingo | 909 (86.9) | 137 (13.1) | 1046 (10.7) |  |
 Harare | 948 (76.8) | 287 (23.2) | 1235 (12.4) |  |
 Bulwayo | 751 (78.4) | 207 (21.6) | 958 (9.6) |  |
Ever used modern contraceptives | 0.001 | |||
 No | 2988 (95.4) | 143 (4.6) | 3131 (31.5) |  |
 Yes | 5629 (82.5) | 1195 (17.5) | 6824 (68.6) |  |
Total children ever born | 0.001 | |||
 ≤3 | 6835 (87.2) | 1000 (12.8) | 7835 (78.7) |  |
 ≥4 | 1782 (84.1) | 338 (15.9) | 2120 (21.3) |  |
Age at first sex | 0.001 | |||
 Never had sex | 1819 (99.7) | 6 (0.3) | 1825 (18.3) |  |
 ≤17 | 3181 (87.1) | 461 (12.7) | 3642 (36.6) |  |
 18–22 | 3121 (82.1) | 681 (18.0) | 3802 (38.2) |  |
 23–37 | 496 (72.3) | 190 (27.7) | 686 (6.9) |  |
Wealth index | 0.001 | |||
 Poorest | 1423 (94.4) | 76 (5.1) | 1499 (15.1) |  |
 Poor | 1370 (94.4) | 82 (5.7) | 1452 (14.6) |  |
 Middle | 1422 (91.8) | 127 (8.2) | 1549 (15.6) |  |
 Rich | 2144 (83.9) | 414 (16.2) | 2558 (25.7) |  |
 Richest | 2254 (77.9) | 639 (22.1) | 2897 (29.1) |  |
Amount of media exposure | 0.001 | |||
 None | 2240 (92.8) | 173 (7.2) | 2413 (24.2) |  |
 One | 2874 (88.9) | 358 (11.1) | 3232 (32.5) |  |
 Multiple | 3503 (81.3) | 807 (18.7) | 4310 (43.3) |  |
Type of marriage | 0.001 | |||
 Monogamy | 4471 (82.3) | 964 (17.7) | 5435 (54.6) |  |
 Polygamy | 516 (89.0) | 64 (11.0) | 580 (5.8) |  |
 Not in union | 3630 (92.1) | 310 (7.9) | 3940 (39.6) |  |
Household size | 0.001 | |||
 1–4 | 3791 (85.3) | 654 (14.7) | 4445 (44.7) |  |
 5–8 | 3946 (86.9) | 593 (13.1) | 4539 (45.6) |  |
 9+ | 880 (90.6) | 91 (9.4) | 971 (9.8) |  |
Place of delivery | 0.001 | |||
 Health facility | 3449 (84.1) | 650 (15.9) | 4099 (41.2) |  |
 Home | 698 (95.1) | 35 (4.9) | 734 (7.4) |  |
 Never given birth | 4470 (87.3) | 652 (12.7) | 5122 (51.5) |  |
Community level factors | ||||
 Women with favorable attitude towards IPV against women | 0.001 | |||
 Low | 3488 (91.6) | 322 (8.5) | 3810 (38.3) |  |
 High | 5129 (83.5) | 1016 (16.5) | 6145 (61.7) |  |
 Women with high decision making autonomy | 0.001 | |||
 Low | 4925 (88.1) | 668 (11.9) | 5593 (56.2) |  |
 High | 3692 (84.6) | 670 (15.4) | 4362 (43.8) |  |
 Household wealth index | 0.001 | |||
 Low | 4477 (93.0) | 339 (7.0) | 4816 (48.4) |  |
 High | 4140 (80.6) | 999 (19.4) | 5139 (51.6) |  |
 Difficulty in access to healthcare | 0.001 | |||
 Low | 4876 (82.3) | 1050 (17.8) | 5926 (59.5) |  |
 High | 3741 (92.9) | 288 (7.2) | 4029 (40.5) |  |
Type of residence | 0.001 | |||
 Rural | 5009 (92.2) | 425 (7.8) | 5434 (54.6) |  |
 Urban | 3608 (79.8) | 913 (20.2) | 4521 (45.4) |  |