Table 2 Regression analysis of loneliness associated factors among Indonesian adolescents
Variable | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
Psychosocial distress | ||
Have no close friend | 3.42 (2.02–5.79)*** | 3.80 (2.06–7.02)*** |
Missed class without permission | 1.89 (1.45–2.46)*** | 1.22 (0.88–1.70) |
Physically attacked | 1.86 (1.46–2.37)*** | 1.16 (0.84–1.61) |
Were in physical fight | 1.80 (1.34–2.41)*** | 0.98 (0.66–1.46) |
Seriously injured | 2.12 (1.64–2.74)*** | 1.32 (0.97–1.79) |
Being bullied | 2.72 (2.13–3.48)*** | 1.63 (1.20–2.22)** |
Sleep disturbance | 10.86 (7.86–14.99)*** | 7.02 (4.78–10.30)*** |
Suicide Ideation | 4.52 (3.32–6.14)*** | 1.66 (1.01–2.74)* |
Suicide plan | 4.39 (3.20–6.03)*** | 2.35 (1.41–3.92)*** |
Suicide attempt | 3.26 (2.05–5.20)*** | 0.56 (0.28–1.12) |
Health risk behavior | ||
Always hungry | 3.19 (2.10–4.84)*** | 2.03 (1.21–3.43)** |
Does not eat fruit | 1.58 (1.11–2.23)*** | 1.31 (0.87–1.96) |
Never or rarely was hand before eating | 2.46 (1.32–4.58)** | 1.67 (0.81–3.47) |
Currently Smoking cigarette | 2.58 (1.07–6.19)* | 0.36 (0.09–1.41) |
Passive smoking | 1.73 (1.28–2.33)*** | 1.46 (1.05–2.04)* |
Current alcohol use | 2.75 (1.43–5.29)*** | 1.41 (0.53–3.74) |
Ever drink from alcohol | 4.75 (2.22–10.15)*** | 2.26 (0.62–8.19) |
Trouble from using alcohol | 5.18 (2.02–13.23)*** | 0.31 (0.04–2.50) |
Ever use amphetamine | 14.62 (3.64–58.75)*** | 5.76 (0.56–59.25) |
Spend sitting more than 3 h per day | 1.82 (1.44–2.29)*** | 1.53 (1.16–2.00)** |
Protective factors | ||
Other students are kind and helpful | 0.66 (0.52–0.84)*** | 0.65 (0.49–0.86)** |
Parent understand the problem | 0.75 (0.58–0.95)** | 0.87 (0.65–1.14) |