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Table 1 General characteristics of study population among tertiles of the LLDS score in obese and overweight women (n = 217)

From: Association of Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity phenotypes in women: a cross-sectional study

Variables

Tertiles of the LLDS score

P value

P value*

T1 (n = 76)

 ≤ 34

T2 (n = 80)

35–38

T3 (n = 61)

 ≥ 39

Quantitative variable

Mean ± SD

Demographic characteristic

Age (Y)

34.66 ± 8.66 a

35.89 ± 8.36

38.08 ± 7.98 a

0.06

0.03

PA (MET-min/week)

1046.03 ± 1953.25

1058.70 ± 1287.57

1389.63 ± 2207.04

0.50

0.45

Anthropometry and Body Composition

Weight (kg)

78.81 ± 11.39

78.44 ± 9.10

81.03 ± 10.72

0.30

0.10

Height (cm)

162.27 ± 5.57

160.32 ± 5.57

161.29 ± 5.47

0.09

0.75

WC (cm)

95.22 ± 10.33

93.32 ± 15.81

96.22 ± 96.22

0.64

0.64

HC (cm)

112.93 ± 9.17

112.96 ± 6.90

114.29 ± 8.14

0.62

0.50

BMI (kg/)

29.91 ± 3.71

30.65 ± 3.47

30.98 ± 3.44

0.18

0.23

WHR

0.93 ± 0.05

0.92 ± 0.04

0.93 ± 0.05

0.81

0.41

BF (%)

40.75 ± 4.41

41.58 ± 5.08

40.94 ± 4.99

0.70

0.99

BFM (kg)

32.36 ± 7.39

32.94 ± 6.57

33.35 ± 7.37

0.16

0.62

FFM (kg)

46.36 ± 5.29

45.81 ± 5.35

47.48 ± 5.62

0.04

0.44

VFL

15.03 ± 3.22

15.43 ± 3.23

15.37 ± 3.33

0.69

0.43

FMI (kg)

12.30 ± 2.70

12.87 ± 2.75

13.01 ± 3.00

0.29

0.71

FFMI (kg)

17.60 ± 1.46

17.75 ± 1.50

18.19 ± 1.34

0.24

0.36

Blood pressure

SBP (mmHg)

111.66 ± 11.67

110.92 ± 13.38

112.86 ± 15.23

0.70

0.38

DBP (mmHg)

78.02 ± 9.50

78.07 ± 11.04

78.36 ± 9.44

0.97

0.12

Biochemical variables

Insulin (mIU/mL)

16.81 ± 8.03

15.51 ± 5.21

15.01 ± 5.02

0.22

0.37

TG (mmol/L)

1.19 ± 0.42

1.53 ± 1.12

1.43 ± 0.84

0.38

0.18

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.10 ± 0.24

1.10 ± 0.23

1.09 ± 0.15

0.99

0.53

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.38 ± 0.71

2.37 ± 0.62

2.21 ± 0.45

0.63

0.79

TC (mmo/l)

4.95 ± 1.14

4.45 ± 0.96

4.52 ± 0.84

0.20

0.52

HOMA index

3.40 ± 1.45

3.41 ± 1.30

3.14 ± 1.22

0.55

0.59

Inflammatory parameter and other variables

hs-CRP (mg/L)

4.54 ± 4.87 a

4.23 ± 4.47

3.98 ± 4.36 a

0.77

0.06

Categorical variables*

Education

0.41

0.40

Under diploma

9 (37.5)

7 (29.2)

8 (33.3)

  

Diploma

19 (29.7)

22 (34.4)

23 (35.9)

  

Above diploma

46 (36.2)

51 (40.2)

30 (23.6)

  

Marital status

0.68

0.31

Single

17 (36.2)

19 (40.4)

11 (23.4)

  

Married

57 (33.9)

61 (36.3)

50 (29.8)

  

Job

   

0.54

0.13

non-employed

44 (32.4)

51 (37.5)

41 (30.1)

  

Employed

29 (38.7)

28 (37.3)

18 (24.0)

  

Supplementation

0.66

0.66

Yes

37 (32.2)

41 (35.7)

37 (32.2)

  

No

29 (36.3)

30 (37.5)

21 (26.3)

  

Economic status

0.22

0.19

Poor

14 (25.5)

23 (41.8)

18 (32.7)

  

Moderate

32 (34.8)

39 (42.4)

21 (22.8)

  

Good

24 (42.9)

16 (28.6)

16 (28.6)

  
  1. Values are represented as means ± SD
  2. Chi-square was used for categorical variables
  3. categorical variables: N (%)
  4. BF% body fat percentage; BFM body fat mass; BMI body mass index; DBP diastolic blood pressure; FFM fat free mass; FFMI fat free mass index; FMI fat mass index; HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol; HC hip circumference; HOMA; homeostatic model assessment; hs-CRP high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LLDS Lifelines Diet Score; PA physical activity; SBP systolic blood pressure; SD Standard Deviation; T tertile; TC total cholesterol; TG triglyceride; VFL visceral fat level; WC waist circumference; WHR waist-hip ratio
  5. P value: ANOVA test was used
  6. P value*: ANCOVA was performed to adjusted potential confounding factors (age, energy intake, Physical activity, BMI), BMI consider as collinear variable for anthropometrics and body composition variables
  7. P values < 0.05 were considered as significant levels and P values = 0.05, 0.06 and 0.07 were considered as marginally significant
  8. aThe significant difference was seen between T1 and T3
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BMC Women's Health

ISSN: 1472-6874

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