Table 4 Multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression analysis predictors of unmet need for FP among reproductive age women in high fertility regions of Ethiopia

Individual-level

Characteristics

Age

15–24

1.31 (0.97, 1.76)

1.09 (0.69, 1.74)

25–34

1.24 (0.95,1.61)

0.79 (0.59, 1.06)

35+

1

1

Educational status of the respondents

No formal education

1.23 (1.03, 1.71)

1.65 (1.17, 2.15)

Primary education

1.21 (0.80, 1.83)

1.35 (0.79, 2.85)

Secondary and higher

1

1

Wealth index

Poor

1.54(1.25, 1.91)

1.67 (1.34, 2.09)

Middle

1.13 (0.89, 1.42)

1.11 (0.89, 1.41)

Rich

1

1

Media exposure

No

1.30(1.08, 1.56)

1.32 (1.09, 1.58)

Yes

1

1

Number of alive children

No child

1.02 (0.71, 1.25)

1.05 (0.43, 2.43)

1–2

0.78 (0.62 1.10)

0.73 (0.59, 1.04)

3–4

0.81 (0.63, 1.12)

0.79 (0.65, 1.09)

5+

1

1

Parity

Prime para

1

1

Multipara

1.55 (1.14, 2.13)

1.57(1.15, 2.16)

Sex of household head

Male

1.22 (0.96,1.53)

1.39 (1.11, 1.77)

Female

1

1

Community-level variables

Community-level poverty

High

0.97 (0.63,1.47)

0.79 (0.53, 1.19)

Low

1

1

Community media exposure

High

0.81 (0.56, 1.17)

0.87 (0.62, 1.25)

Low

1

1

Residency

Rural

2.19 (1.34, 3.59)

2.45 (1.12, 3.59)

Urban

1

1

Region

Somali

0.64 (0.0.31, 1.30)

0.54 (0.27, 1.11)

Oromia

`1.76 (0.91, 3.41)

1.88 (0.97, 3.64)

Afar

1

1

Distance to the health facility

Big problem

1.19 (0.97, 1.44)

1.13 (0.92, 1.38)

Not big problem

1

1