Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants
|  | Total (n = 130) | App group (n = 65) | Control group (n = 65) | χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic n(%) | |||||
 Age (SD) | 31.81 (5.36) | 30.32 (5.21) | 33.29 (5.15) | 0.869 | 0.351 |
 Non-senior age (< 35) | 87 (66.9%) | 46 (70.8%) | 41 (63.1%) | ||
 Senior age (≥ 35) | 43 (33.1%) | 19 (29.2%) | 24 (36.9%) | ||
Education level | |||||
 High school or below | 5 (3.8%) | 3 (4.6%) | 2 (3.1%) | 0.647 | 0.724 |
 University | 92 (70.8%) | 44 (67.7%) | 48 (73.8%) | ||
 Master degree or above | 33 (25.4%) | 18 (27.7%) | 15 (23.1%) | ||
Employment situation | |||||
 Full time | 98 (75.4%) | 52 (80%) | 46 (70.8%) | 1.534 | 0.464 |
 Part time | 8 (6.1%) | 3 (4.6%) | 5 (7.7%) | ||
 Housewife | 24 (18.5%) | 10 (15.4%) | 14 (21.5%) | ||
Monthly household income | |||||
 Under 3000 RMB | 23 (16.9) | 18 (27.7%) | 15 (23.1%) | 0.789 | 0.852 |
 3000–5000 RMB | 32 (25.4%) | 17 (26.1%) | 15 (23.1%) | ||
 5000–10,000 RMB | 32 (24.6%) | 10 (15.4%) | 12 (18.4%) | ||
 Over 10,000 RMB | 43 (33.1%) | 20 (30.8%) | 23 (35.4%) | ||
Mode of delivery | |||||
 Natural birth | 89 (68.5%) | 48 (73.8%) | 41 (63.1%) | 1.746 | 0.186 |
 Caesarean birth | 41 (31.5%) | 17 (26.2%) | 24 (36.9%) | ||
First production | |||||
 Yes | 78 (60%) | 38 (58.5%) | 40 (61.5%) | 0.128 | 0.720 |
 No | 52 (40%) | 27 (41.5%) | 25 (38.5%) | ||
Planned pregnancy | |||||
 Yes | 97 (74.6%) | 46 (70.8%) | 51 (78.5%) | 1.015 | 0.314 |
 No | 33 (25.4%) | 19 (29.2%) | 14 (21.5%) | ||
Full-term pregnancy | |||||
 Yes | 116 (89.2%) | 60 (92.3%) | 56 (86.2%) | 1.281 | 0.258 |
 No | 14 (10.8%) | 5 (7.7%) | 9 (13.8%) | ||
Postpartum complications | |||||
 Yes | 18 (13.8%) | 7 (10.8%) | 11 (16.9%) | 1.032 | 0.310 |
 No | 112 (86.2%) | 58 (89.2%) | 54 (83.1%) | ||
Baby sex | |||||
 Male | 72 (55.4%) | 34 (52.3%) | 38 (58.5%) | 0.498 | 0.480 |
 Female | 58 (44.6%) | 31 (47.7%) | 27 (41.5%) | ||
Is the baby abnormal | |||||
 Yes | 12 (9.2%) | 8 (12.3%) | 4 (6.2%) | 1.469 | 0.226 |
 No | 118 (90.8%) | 57 (87.7%) | 61 (93.8%) | ||
Feeding mode | |||||
 Breast milk | 67 (51.5%) | 31 (47.7%) | 36 (55.4%) | 1.065 | 0.587 |
 Artificial | 24 (18.5%) | 14 (21.5%) | 10 (15.4%) | ||
 Blend | 39 (30%) | 20 (30.8%) | 19 (29.2%) | ||
Postpartum supplementary parenting | |||||
 Without assistance | 10 (7.7%) | 6 (9.2%) | 4 (6.1%) | 3.316 | 0.506 |
 Parents and relatives | 36 (27.7%) | 14 (21.5%) | 21 (32.3%) | ||
 Hire a nanny | 33 (25.4%) | 18 (27.7%) | 15 (23.1%) | ||
 Postpartum care center | 17 (13.1%) | 7 (10.8%) | 10 (15.4%) | ||
 Two or more kinds of auxiliary | 34 (26.1%) | 20 (30.8%) | 15 (23.1%) | ||