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Table 5 Results of Log-Rank test for equality of survivor functions of postpartum family planning use for selected background characteristics, India, NFHS-4

From: A study on initiation of postpartum family planning in India based on NFHS-4: does urban poor differ significantly from rural?

Background characteristics

Degrees of freedom (df)

Case 1

(N = 94,272)

Case 2

(N = 60,196)

Case 3

(N = 46,565)

Chi square

p-value

Chi square

p-value

Chi square

p-value

Residence

2

8457.99

p < 0.001

7506.51

p < 0.001

7088.43

p < 0.001

Mother's age at birth

3

854.09

p < 0.001

743.37

p < 0.001

625.86

p < 0.001

Level of education

3

15,412.81

p < 0.001

13,693.32

p < 0.001

11,905.21

p < 0.001

Religion

2

2355.6

p < 0.001

1889.7

p < 0.001

1840.39

p < 0.001

Caste

3

9598.23

p < 0.001

8040.49

p < 0.001

6982.11

p < 0.001

Region

5

29,115.53

p < 0.001

25,498.79

p < 0.001

21,243.46

p < 0.001

Sex of head of household

1

1631.13

p < 0.001

1428.3

p < 0.001

1183.55

p < 0.001

Media exposure to FP message

1

12,632.13

p < 0.001

11,324.69

p < 0.001

10,041.82

p < 0.001

Correct knowledge of ovulatory cycle

1

11,261.52

p < 0.001

9502.53

p < 0.001

8643.97

p < 0.001

Ever termination of pregnancy

1

155.87

p < 0.001

111.79

p < 0.001

141.17

p < 0.001

Sex composition of children

5

3383.83

p < 0.001

2937.19

p < 0.001

2668.79

p < 0.001

Wanted last child

2

783.44

p < 0.001

751.46

p < 0.001

579.05

p < 0.001

Breastfeeding status at survey date

1

67.49

p < 0.001

61.79

p < 0.001

37.53

p < 0.001

Future desire for next children

2

5881.4

p < 0.001

5409.53

p < 0.001

4904.31

p < 0.001

Health outreach

2

8930.92

p < 0.001

7873.23

p < 0.001

6402.31

p < 0.001

Full ANC

1

5679.26

p < 0.001

5008.49

p < 0.001

3695.68

p < 0.001

Delivery by skilled birth attendant

1

4039.96

p < 0.001

3778.39

p < 0.001

3308.63

p < 0.001

PNC

1

9541.29

p < 0.001

8907.06

p < 0.001

6803.38

p < 0.001

Continuum of maternal and child health care services

3

12,816.55

p < 0.001

11,725.19

p < 0.001

9214.83

p < 0.001

Whether distance to health facility is a problem

2

4826.01

p < 0.001

4431.94

p < 0.001

4022.03

p < 0.001

Parity

1

964.03

p < 0.001

831.45

p < 0.001

628.79

p < 0.001

Whether delivery by C-section

1

2625.66

p < 0.001

2200.42

p < 0.001

1942.12

p < 0.001

Sex of recent birth

1

61.94

p < 0.001

35.03

p < 0.001

95.4

p < 0.001

Whether recent child is alive

1

1285.32

p < 0.001

1181.65

p < 0.001

965.96

p < 0.001

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