Table 4 Multilevel analysis of determinants of unintended pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa 2006–2019
Variables | Model I (Null) | Model II AOR 95%CI | Model III AOR 95%CI | Model IV AOR 95%CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Individual-level variables | ||||
 Age | ||||
  15–19 | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  20–24 | – | 0.96(0.89 -1.03) | – | 0.96(0.89–1.03) |
 Educational level | ||||
  No education | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Primary | – | 1.04(0.94–1.14) | – | 1.86(0.97–1.15) |
  Secondary | – | 1.08(0.91–1.20) | – | 1.07(0.97–1.18) |
  Higher | – | 0.72(0.52–0.99) | – | 0.71(0.52–0.97)a |
 Sex of household head | ||||
  Male |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |
  Female |  | 0.85(0.78–0.94) |  | 0.86(0.78–0.94)c |
 Marital status | ||||
  Single | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Married | – | 0.84(0.72, 0.99) | – | 0.80(0.73–0.88)c |
 Wealth status | ||||
  Poorest | – | 1.00 | – | 1:00 |
  Poorer | – | 1.05(0.95–1.16) | – | 1.05(0.95–1.16) |
  Middle | – | 1.01(0.91–1.13) | – | 1.02(0.92–1.13) |
  Richer | – | 1.03(0.92–1.15) | – | 1.04(0.93–1.17) |
  Richest | – | 1.10(0.97–1.25) | – | 1.12(0.98–1.29) |
 Media exposure | ||||
  No | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Yes | – | 1.06(0.98–1.15) | – | 1.06(0.98–1.15) |
 Knowledge of contraceptive | ||||
  No | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Traditional | – | 0.91(0.51–1.41) | – | 0.90(0.59–0.95)b |
  modern |  | 0.86(0.75–0.98) |  | 0.86(0.75–0.98)b |
 Smoking | ||||
  No | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Yes | – | 1.03(0.89–1.20) | – | 1.03(0.99–1.08) |
 Distance from health facility | ||||
  Not a big problem | – | 0.97(0.90–1.05) | – | 0.97(0.91–1.05) |
  Big problem | – | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
 Heard family planning from media | ||||
  No |  | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  yes |  | 0.97(0.91–1.05) | – | 0.97(0.90–1.05) |
 Covered by health insurance | ||||
  No |  | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  Yes |  | 0.91(0.80–1.04) | – | 0.91(0.80–1.04) |
 Occupation | ||||
  Not working |  | 1.00 | – | 1.00 |
  working |  | 0.98(0.91–1.05) | – | 0.98(0.91–1.05) |
Community-level variables | ||||
 Residence | ||||
  Urban | – | – | 1.00 | 1.00 |
  Rural | – | – | 0.98(0.91–1.05) | 1.02(0.94–1.12) |
 SSA Region | ||||
  Central Africa | – | – | 2.09(1.23–3.56) | 2.09(1.23–3.55)c |
  Southern Africa | – | – | 5.18(2.69–9.99) | 5.23(2.71–10.09)c |
  East Africa | – | – | 1.68(1.07–2.64) | 1.07(1.07–2.66)b |
  West Africa | – |  | 1.00 | 1.00 |