Table 5 Bivariable and multivariable analysis of factors among pregnant women in Referral Hospitals (n = 530)
Variable | HIV status | COR (95% C.I) | AOR (95% C.I) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | HIV- positive n (%) | HIV-negative n (%) | Â | Â |
Age | ||||
  <= 25 years | 5(10.87) | 180(37.19) | 1 |  |
 26–35 | 32(69.57) | 267(55.17) | 4.31(1.65,11.28) | 1.89(.57,6.27) |
  >= 36 | 9(19.57) | 37(7.64) | 8.75(2.77,27.63) | 3.96(.89,17.44) |
Residence | ||||
 Rural | 2 (3.23) | 60(96.77) | 1 |  |
 Urban | 44(9.40) | 424(90.60) | 3.11(.73,13.17) | 3.2(.31,33.27) |
Maternal educational status | ||||
 Illiterate | 13 (14.77) | 75 (85.23) | 1 |  |
 Primary school | 16 (12.60) | 111(87.40) | .8316(.37,1.829) | .48(.15,1.53) |
 Secondary school | 11 (6.71) | 153 (93.29) | .414(.17,.96) | 0.15(.04,.53)* |
 College/University | 6 (3.97) | 145(96.03) | .239(.087,.65) | 0.03(.01,.22)* |
Husband Educational status | ||||
 Illiterate | 4(5.06) | 75(94.94) | 1 |  |
 Primary school | 12(14.63) | 70(85.37) | 3.21(.99,10.43) | 2.8(.59,13.11) |
 Secondary school | 14(8.00) | 161(92.00) | 1.63(.51,5.12) | 3.1(.64,15.21) |
 College/University | 13(7.10) | 170(92.90) | 1.43(.45,4.54) | 5.1(.88,29.76) |
Maternal occupational status | ||||
 Government employee | 7(5.88) | 112(94.12) | 1 |  |
 Private employee | 12(13.95) | 74(86.05) | 2.59(.97,6.89) | .35(.06,2.11) |
 House wife | 21(7.92) | 244(92.08) | 1.37(.56,3.33) | .29(.05,1.52) |
 Student, daily laborer | 6(10.00) | 54(90.00) | 1.77(.57,5.55) | .71(.08,5.85) |
Husband occupation status | ||||
 Government employee | 10(6.06) | 155(93.94) | 1 |  |
 Private employee | 27(11.07) | 217(88.93) | 1.92(.90,4.10) | 1.8(.58,5.58) |
 Farmer | 2(3.13) | 62(96.88) | 0.50(.11,2.35) | .14(.01,1.84) |
 Student, daily laborer | 4(8.70) | 42(91.30) | 1.47(.44,4.94) | .24(.04,1.64) |
Plan of pregnancy | ||||
 Yes | 37(8.06) | 422(91.94) | .60(.28,1.31) | 1.15(.36,3.63) |
 No | 9(12.68) | 62(87.32) | 1 |  |
History of Previous abortion | ||||
 Yes | 29(23.20) | 96(76.80) | 6.89(3.64,13.06) | 7.73 (3.33,17.95)* |
 No | 17(4.20) | 388(95.80) | 1 |  |
Social support | ||||
 low social support | 15(8.82) | 155(91.18) | 1 |  |
 Medium Support | 30(8.82) | 310 (91.18) | 1(.52,1.913) | 1.63(.66,4.03) |
 Adequate | 1(5.00) | 19(95.00) | .543(.07,4.35) | .76(.06,9.47) |
Household food insecurity | ||||
 Little to no hunger | 39(7.91) | 454(92.09) | 1 |  |
 Moderate hunger | 2(10.00) | 18(90.00) | 1.29(.28,5.77) | .67(.08,5.39) |
 Severe hunger | 5(29.41) | 12(70.59) | 4.85(1.63,14.47) | 2.66(.52,13.39) |
Gravidity | ||||
 Multigravida | 35(11.11) | 280(88.89) | 1 |  |
 Primagravida | 11(5.12) | 204(94.88) | .431(.21,.86) | .87(.32, 2.31) |
Family Monthly income | ||||
  < 2500 ETB | 15(11.03) | 121(88.97) | 1 |  |
 2501 -5000ETB | 17(9.77) | 157(90.23) | .873(.42,1.81) | .43(.13,1.45) |
 5001- 8000ETB | 7(7.37) | 88(92.63) | .64(.25,1.63) | .39(.09,1.64) |
  > 8001ETB | 7(5.60) | 118(94.40) | .478(.18,1.22) | .19(.04,.87) |
Syphilis status | ||||
 Yes | 7(36.84) | 12(63.16) | 7.059(2.62,18.95) | 10.28(2.80,37.62)* |
 No | 39(7.63) | 472(92.37) | 1 |  |