Role of breast cancer screening in the overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer: results from a cross-sectional nationwide survey

Table 2 Factors associated with thyroid ultrasonography

Variables	Thyroid ultrasonography
	Total	Yes		No
	N	N	%	N	%	OR	95% CI
Breast cancer screening behavior
None	478	60	12.6	418	87.4	1.00
Only mammography	836	185	22.1	651	77.9	1.47	(1.06–2.04)
Only ultrasonography	245	80	32.7	165	67.3	2.71	(1.83–4.02)
Both	711	244	34.3	467	65.7	2.75	(1.99–3.80)
Age
30–39	559	496	88.7	63	11.3	1.00
40–49	640	454	70.9	186	29.1	2.66	(1.91–3.70)
50–59	594	392	66.0	202	34.0	3.16	(2.26–4.40)
60–69	350	256	73.1	94	26.9	2.19	(1.50–3.21)
≥ 70	127	103	81.1	24	18.9	1.45	(0.86–2.43)
Educational level
Middle school or below	338	95	28.1	243	71.9	1.00
High school	1265	310	24.5	955	75.5	0.80	(0.59–1.07)
College or above	667	164	24.6	503	75.4	0.97	(0.69–1.35)
Household income
Low	559	139	24.9	420	75.1	1.00
Mid-low	469	95	20.3	374	79.7	0.81	(0.59–1.11)
Mid-high	671	465	69.3	206	30.7	1.00	(0.75–1.32)
High	571	170	29.8	401	70.2	1.24	(0.94–1.64)
Residential area
Urban	1037	245	23.6	792	76.4	1.00
Suburban	1089	282	25.9	807	74.1	1.06	(0.86–1.31)
Rural	144	42	29.2	102	70.8	1.09	(0.73–1.63)
Occupational
Unemployed	1254	319	25.4	935	74.6	1.00
White	295	64	21.7	231	78.3	0.87	(0.62–1.21)
Pink	545	133	24.4	412	75.6	1.00	(0.78–1.28)
Blue	176	53	30.1	123	69.9	1.23	(0.85–1.78)
Health insurance type
NHI	2216	556	25.1	1660	74.9	1.00
MAP	54	13	24.1	41	75.9	1.20	(0.62–2.31)
Family history^a
Yes	336	119	35.4	217	64.6	1.67	(1.28–2.16)
No	1934	450	23.3	1484	76.7	1.00
Concern about the risk of cancer
Yes	1710	464	27.1	1246	72.9	1.19	(0.92–1.53)
No	560	105	18.8	455	81.3	1.00

MAP Medical Aid Program, NHI National Health Insurance
^aOnly includes cancer history of first-degree relatives (parents, brothers, sisters)

ISSN: 1472-6874