Fig. 3
Forest plot of unadjusted and adjusted estimates on vaginal yeast infections and preterm birth. Legend: horizontal lines, 95% confidence intervals; dot/triangle, odds ratio. Unadjusted estimates were calculated from raw numbers (not provided for Sule-Odu [81]); adjusted estimates are those reported by the authors. McDonald [61] adjusted for previous preterm delivery (> 20 weeks), previous midtrimester miscarriage, multiple pregnancy, cervical incompetence, polyhydramnios, uterine malformation, pyelonephritis during pregnancy, Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Bacteroides spp, Peptostreptococcus spp, Group B streptococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus spp, yeast. Rittenschober-Bohm [74] adjusted for bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, history of preterm birth, smoking, age, Ureaplasma urealyticum positive, U. parvum positive, U. urealyticum and U. parvum positive. Sule-Odu [81] adjusted for age, parity, educational level, socioeconomic status, birth weight, gestational age at delivery