Table 1 Methods, dependent, and independent variables were used in some related studies to women and urban public space

Sadeghi & Jangjoo (2022) [54]

Women’s Presence in Urban Public Spaces

Individual

Characteristics:

1. marital status

2. age

Physical Characteristics of Built Environment:

1. Accessibility and Permeability

2. Security

3. Land use and Activity

4. Environmental

and Visual Comfort

5. Facilities and Services

The methods of this research were descriptive-analytical and survey (Sample size of 100 women). The authors used Cramer's V, Kendall's tau coefficient, and simple linear regression to analyze the significant relationship between the physical variables of the built environment and individual variables and the number of times women are present in urban spaces

Khalili & Nayyeri Fallah

(2018) [31]

Role of social indicators on vitality parameter to enhance the quality of women's communal life within an urban public space

Functional Perspective:

1. Accessibility

2.Convenience

3. Space Fluency

Visual Perspective:

1. Visibility

2. Legibility

3. Human Scale

Social and Cultural Perspective:

1. people presence

2. mix-used functions

3. diversity of activities

4. Privacy

5. Familiarity

Several data collection methods are used:

-semi-structured individual interview (n = 24)

-semi-structured focus group interviews (five groups including 28 middle-aged women

-direct observation and taking photo-graphs

-unobtrusive behavioral observation

Rayatidamavandi, Faizi, Mozaffar

(2016) [50]

Assessing Design Principles of Urban Parks in Iran for Promoting Women’s Satisfaction

1. participatory design

2. designing communal spaces

3. Urban security policies

4. pavement and flooring

5. open space design

6. design with water

7. Access

The data related to 41 indexes, according to the questionnaire, was analyzed by a factor analysis model and finally 13 factors were chosen. In this step of the study, multiple linear regressions were used. a D-W test was used to overcome this issue

Soltani & Ghanbari

(2014) [59]

Proper Evaluation of Urban Public Spaces for Women in Kermanshah

1. Safety and Security

2. Vitality and dynamism

3. Access and communications

4. Comfort

5. Events of public spaces

Methodology is based on objective, functional analysis. First through library studies, searching for information in databases and then use the questionnaire. based on Cochran formula, the number of samples is 400 questionnaires and sampling is random

Borumand & Rezaee

(2014) [9]

Evaluation the performance of the parks in promoting the gender equality in cities

1. Space performance (Duration of the presence, times of presence, scale of doing social activities

2. Freedom of presence (Type of coverage, ease in behavior, peace, independence)

3. Access (Ease of movement, readability, public transportation to/from the park)

4. Security (Ability to stay, time of presence, incidence of crimes and harassments)

Methodology of the research is evaluative-correlative based on questionnaire Prepared based on the Likert scale, the questionnaire of the research included 30 questions. The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software and then the Friedman test was used to rank the sub factors. Finally, the factors and sub-factors were prioritized using Analytic Hierarchy Process in Expert Choice software

Kareem& Lwasa

(2013) [29]

Gendered Spaces in development cities

1. Sanitation Services (drainage systems, public toilets

and waste skips)

2. Urban Transportation

3. Urban Physical Infrastructure (lighting, parking, …)

4. Recreation and Social Amenities

The study uses an end-user service satisfaction survey across the five divisions using an open-ended questionnaire. A purposive sample of 500 respondents was selected, and further sub-divided into 100 respondents per division