Sexual violence against women remains problematic and highly prevalent around the world

BMC Women's Health

Table 2 Subgroups analyses of prevalence rate of sexual violence among women

	No. of studies	Prevalence rate (%)	Lower Limit (LL)	Upper Limit (UL)	I ² (%)	P for heterogeneity	P *value between groups**
Primary analysis	32	0.29	0.25	0.34	99.60%	< 0.001	0.006
Subgroup analyses
Publication year
2001–2009	9	0.20	0.16	0.25	97.40%	< 0.001	0.027
2010–2022	23	0.33	0.27	0.39	99.70%	< 0.001	0.027
Study location
North America	6	0.32	0.19	0.45	99.70%	< 0.001	0.192
Europe	7	0.26	0.16	0.45	99.50%	< 0.001
Asia	7	0.30	0.21	0.39	99.60%	< 0.001
Latin America	3	0.23	0.11	0.35	99.60%	< 0.001
Africa	9	0.33	0.23	0.42	99.10%	< 0.001
Developmental level
Developed country	19	0.27	0.21	0.33	99.70%	< 0.001	0.032
Developing country	13	0.32	0.28	0.37	99.30%	< 0.001	0.032
Survey method
Questionnaire	22	0.25	0.20	0.29	99.50%	< 0.001	0.011
Interview	10	0.39	0.29	0.49	99.50%	< 0.001	0.011
Studies quality
< 8	18	0.31	0.25	0.38	99.70%	< 0.001	0.053
≥ 8	14	0.27	0.20	0.33	99.40%	< 0.001	0.053

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