Factors associated with health-related quality of life in gynaecologic cancer survivors with lower limb lymphedema: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan

Table 2 Levels of symptom distress, depression, body image, and health-related quality of life related to lower limb lymphoedema (N = 85)

Variable	Mean (SE)/N(%)	Range	Theoretical scoring range
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Underweight (< 18.5)	3(3.5)
Normal (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24)	38(44.7)
Overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 27)	18(21.2)
Obesity (≥ 27)	26(30.6)
Symptom distress (SDS)	1.76(0.85)	1.06 − 2.84	1 − 5
Lower extremity edema	4.01(0.13)
Lower extremity tightness	3.46(0.15)
Lower extremity stiffness	3.46(0.16)
Appearance change	3.21(0.16)
Lower extremity skin redness	2.53(0.15)
Lower extremity burning sensation	2.24(0.14)
Lower extremity abnormal sensation	2.04(0.14)
Depression (POMS–Depression and Dejection subscale)	13.59(1.15)	0 − 32	0 − 32
Body image (BIS)	1.03(0.09)	0–2.80	0–30
Lower limb lymphoedema related QOL (Lymph-ICF-LL)	37.15(2.68)	0.71–87.86	0–100
Physical function	42.17(2.56)
Mental function	28.04(3.31)
General tasks/household	23.49(3.09)
Mobility	43.43(3.14)
Life/social life	40.75(3.62)
Abbreviations:

BMI, Body Mass Index
SE, standard error mean
SDS, Symptom Distress Scale, higher scores reflect more symptom distress
POMS–Depression and Dejection subscale, Profile of Mood States–Depression and Dejection subscale
BIS, Body Image Scale, higher score indicating greater symptoms or distress about body image
Lymph-ICF-LL, Lymphoedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire for Lower Limb Lymphoedema, higher score indicating worse QOL.

ISSN: 1472-6874