Table 4 Differences in symptom distress, depression, body image, and health-related quality of life related to lower limb lymphoedema By grade of lymphoedema and age (N = 85)
Variables | Grade of lymphedema (Cheng’s Lymphedema Grading System) | t | p value | Age | t | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early (n = 41) | Late (n = 44) | Adults (n = 37) | Old adults (n = 48) | |||||
Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SE) | |||||
Symptom distress (SDS) | 1.59(0.05) | 1.91(0.08) | −3.463 | 0.001 | 1.73(0.07) | 1.78(0.07) | −0.457 | 0.649 |
Depression (POMS–Depression and Dejection subscale) | 10.12(1.42) | 16.82(1.65) | −3.055 | 0.003 | 13.46(1.81) | 13.69(1.50) | −0.098 | 0.922 |
Body image (BIS) | 0.66(0.11) | 1.37(0.13) | −4.282 | 0.001 | 1.04(0.14) | 1.02(0.12) | −0.077 | 0.939 |
Health-related quality of life (Lymph-ICF-LL) | 24.65(3.27) | 48.80(3.35) | −5.147 | 0.001 | 34.52(4.08) | 39.18(3.55) | −0.863 | 0.391 |
Physical function | 33.50(3.22) | 50.27(3.54) | −3.485 | 0.001 | 39.91(4.10) | 43.92(3.26) | −0.776 | 0.440 |
Mental function | 16.22(4.09) | 39.05(4.58) | −3.717 | 0.001 | 33.33(5.64) | 23.96(3.89) | 1.369 | 0.176 |
General tasks/household | 13.28(3.74) | 33.03(4.41) | −3.417 | 0.001 | 19.64(4.02) | 26.46(4.50) | −1.096 | 0.276 |
Mobility | 30.31(3.72) | 55.65(4.25) | −4.461 | 0.001 | 37.88(4.25) | 47.71(4.43) | −1.565 | 0.121 |
Life/social life | 23.33(4.44) | 56.97(4.43) | −5.358 | 0.001 | 33.83(5.38) | 46.08(4.79) | −1.697 | 0.093 |