Table 1 Descriptive statistic by status of ANC
Characteristics | Suboptimal ANC n(%) | Optimal ANC n(%) | All ANC n(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age group | |||
 15–24 | 2031 (5.8) | 5817 (16.7) | 7848 (22.5) |
 25–34 | 3309 (9.5) | 14194 (40.7) | 17503 (50.2) |
 35–49 | 1801 (5.2) | 7730 (22.2) | 9531 (27.3) |
Education | |||
 No formal education | 3812 (10.9) | 7086 (20.3) | 10898 (31.2) |
 Primary | 1549 (4.4) | 5922 (17.0) | 7471 (21.4) |
 Secondary | 1568 (4.5) | 11288 (32.4) | 12856 (36.9) |
 Tertiary | 212 (0.6) | 3445 (9.9) | 3657 (10.5) |
Marital Status | |||
 Married | 6979 (20.0) | 26813 (76.9) | 33792 (96.9) |
 Unmarried | 162 (0.5) | 928 (2.6) | 1090 (3.1) |
Partner education | |||
 No formal education | 2921 (8.4) | 4992 (14.3) | 7913 (22.7) |
 Primary | 1455 (4.2) | 5333 (15.3) | 6788 (19.5) |
 Secondary | 2007 (5.7) | 11713 (33.6) | 13720 (39.3) |
 Tertiary | 758 (2.2) | 5703 (16.3) | 6461 (18.5) |
Place of residence | |||
 Urban | 2102 (6.0) | 14086 (40.4) | 16188 (46.4) |
 Rural | 5039 (14.5) | 13655 (39.1) | 18694 (53.6) |
Region | |||
 Northcentral | 1314 (3.8) | 4055 (11.6) | 5369 (15.4) |
 Northeast | 1876 (5.4) | 3495 (10.0) | 5371 (15.4) |
 Northwest | 2703 (7.8) | 5972 (17.1) | 8675 (24.9) |
 Southeast | 452 (1.3) | 36,664 (10.5) | 4116 (11.8) |
 South-south | 463 (1.3) | 3314 (9.5) | 3777 (10.8) |
 Southwest | 333 (1.0) | 7241 (20.7) | 7574 (21.7) |
Religion | |||
 Christianity | 2237 (6.4) | 14580 (41.8) | 16817 (48.2) |
 Islam | 4836 (13.9) | 12970 (37.2) | 17806 (51.1) |
 Traditional/other | 68 (0.2) | 191 (0.5) | 259 (0.7) |
Occupation | |||
 Unemployed | 2468 (7.1) | 6807 (19.5) | 9275 (26.6) |
 Employed | 4673 (13.4) | 20934 (60.0) | 25607 (73.4) |
Wealth | |||
 Poorest | 1761 (5.0) | 2648 (7.6) | 4409 (12.6) |
 Poorer | 2002 (5.7) | 4221 (12.1) | 6223 (17.8) |
 Average | 1649 (4.7) | 5729 (16.4) | 7378 (21.1) |
 Richer | 1174 (3.4) | 6955 (19.9) | 8129 (23.3) |
 Richest | 555 (1.6) | 8188 (23.5) | 8743 (25.1) |
Media exposure | |||
 No | 4452 (12.8) | 11007 (31.6) | 15459 (44.4) |
 Yes | 2689 (7.7) | 16734 (47.9) | 19423 (55.6) |
Wanted pregnancy | |||
 Then | 6452 (18.5) | 24461 (70.1) | 30913 (88.6) |
 Later | 501 (1.5) | 2202 (6.3) | 2703 (7.8) |
 No more | 188 (0.5) | 1078 (3.1) | 1266 (3.6) |
Birth order | |||
 1 | 1066 (3.1) | 4959 (14.2) | 6025 (17.3) |
 2 | 1095 (3.1) | 5322 (15.3) | 6417 (18.4) |
 3 | 1070 (3.1) | 4595 (13.1) | 5665 (16.2) |
 4 | 913 (2.6) | 3905 (11.2) | 4819 (13.8) |
 5 +  | 2997 (8.6) | 8960 (25.7) | 11956 (34.3) |
Covered by health insurance | |||
 No | 7066 (20.3) | 26929 (77.2) | 33995 (97.5) |
 Yes | 75 (0.2) | 812 (2.3) | 887 (2.5) |
Medical help-permission | |||
 Not a big problem | 6358 (18.2) | 25602 (73.4) | 31960 (91.6) |
 Big problem | 783 (2.3) | 2139 (6.1) | 2922 (8.4) |
Medical help-money | |||
 Not a big problem | 3420 (9.8) | 16387 (47.0) | 19807 (56.8) |
 Big problem | 3721 (10.7) | 11354 (32.5) | 15075 (43.2) |
Medical help-distance | |||
 Not a big problem | 4769 (13.7) | 21546 (61.7) | 26315 (75.4) |
 Big problem | 2372 (6.8) | 6195 (17.8) | 8567 (24.6) |
Health decision maker | |||
 Partner alone | 4816 (13.8) | 13249 (38.0) | 18065 (51.8) |
 Joint decision | 1847 (5.3) | 11509(33.0) | 13356 (38.3) |
 Woman alone | 478 (1.4) | 2983 (8.5) | 3461 (9.9) |
Prenatal provider | |||
 Unskilled | 1134 (3.2) | 2051 (5.9) | 3186 (9.1) |
 Skilled | 6007 (17.3) | 25690 (73.6) | 31696 (90.9) |
SBA use | |||
 Unskilled | 495 6(14.2) | 9539 (27.4) | 14495 (41.6) |
 Skilled | 2185 (6.3) | 18202 (52.1) | 20387(58.4) |
Time of ANC initiation | |||
 1st | 642 (1.9) | 8169 (23.4) | 8811 (25.3) |
 2nd | 3882 (11.1) | 17968 (51.5) | 21850 (62.6) |
 3rd | 2617 (7.5) | 1604 (4.6) | 4221 (12.1) |
ANC place | |||
 Home | 306 (0.9) | 1326 (3.8) | 1632 (4.7) |
 Health Facility | 6835 (19.6) | 26415 (75.7) | 33250 (95.3) |
 Total | 7141 (20.5) | 27741 (79.5) | 34882 (100) |