Table 1 Characteristics of women with self-reported PCOS, unrecognized PCOS, and no PCOS. Categories are mutually exclusive. N (%) or means (SD) shown

N = 43

 N = 135

 N = 1850

Age at year 15 exam (years)

40.8 (3.8)

39.8 (4.0)

40.2 (3.7)

0.25

0.28

Black (n, %)

19 (44%)

66 (49%)

922 (50%)

0.46

0.83

Previous pregnancy (n, %)

34 (79%)

113 (84%)

1527 (83%)

0.75

0.77

Infertility (n, %)^*

14 (33%)

42 (31%)

369 (20%)

0.042

0.002

Hirsutism between 20–30 years (n, %)†

20 (47%)

88 (65%)

361 (20%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Acne between 20–30 years (n, %)

18 (42%)

70 (52%)

783 (42%)

0.95

0.03

OCP use between 20–30 years (n, %)

29 (67%)

92 (68%)

1393 (75%)

0.24

0.06

Irregular menses between 20–30 years, (n, %)†

15 (35%)

135 (100%)

327 (18%)

< 0.001

< 0.001

Total testosterone (ng/dl) ^* ‡

44

(22, 70)

56

(39, 69)

37

(24, 50)

0.15

< 0.001

Free testosterone (ng/dl) ^* ‡

0.25

(0.17, 0.49)

0.42

(0.26, 0.55)

0.22

(0.13, 0.34)

0.07

< 0.001

BMI at year 2 (kg/m²)

28.3 (6.79)

26.13 (6.68)

25.08 (5.94)

< 0.001

0.052

BMI at year 15 (kg/m²)

32.2 (7.9)

29.4 (8.6)

29.0 (7.6)

0.0065

0.52

BMI category at year 15 (n, %)

0.018

0.30

<25 kg/m²

8 (19%)

50 (38%)

670 (37%)

25-29.9 kg/m²

11 (26%)

27 (21%)

482 (27%)

≥30 kg/m²

24 (56%)

54 (41%)

666 (37%)

Hypertension at year 15 (n, %)

6 (14%)

28 (21%)

263 (14%)

0.96

0.039

Diabetes at year 15 (n, %)

8 (18%)

14 (10%)

146 (8%)

0.02

0.31

Dyslipidemia at year 15 (n, %)

4 (9%)

6 (4%)

116 (6%)

0.35

0.39