Table 3 Vaginal lactobacilli grading, vaginal atrophy symptoms (VAS), vaginal atrophy score, and vaginal pH in each visit of participants in the laser group and sham group

Lactobacilli grade

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4

Visit 1

15

2

1

2

17

1

0

1

Visit 2

16

0

1

3

16

2

0

1

Visit 3

13

1

1

5

17

1

1

0

p value

0.02

0.72

Vaginal atrophy symptoms (VAS)

Laser group (mean ± SD)

Sham group (mean ± SD)

Visit 1

17.5 ± 8.6

16.3 ± 7.5

Visit 2

10.5 ± 8.7

13.8 ± 8.9

Visit 3

6.8 ± 5.5

10.0 ± 8.2

p value

< 0.001

0.08

Vaginal atrophy score

Visit 1

6.5 ± 2.9

7.9 ± 2.9

Visit 2

4.3 ± 2.1

6.6 ± 2.3

Visit 3

3.9 ± 2.4

5.6 ± 1.9

p value

< 0.001

< 0.001

Vaginal pH

Visit 1

6.3 ± 1.4

6.6 ± 1.2

Visit 2

6.0 ± 1.3

6.6 ± 1.2

Visit 3

6.1 ± 1.2

6.2 ± 1.1

p value

0.20

0.15