Table 2 Anti-AMPAR antibody titer, clinical manifestations, ICU admission, and outcomes in anti-AMPAR encephalitis patients with tumors
Case | Tumor type | Anti-AMPAR antibody titer | Clinical Manifestations | ICU admission | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Serum | CSF | |||||
Ricken, 2021 | Lung cancer | 1:1600 | 1:32 | Purely amnestic syndrome | Y | Died 3.5 mo after onset because of tumor progression |
Yang, 2021 | Lung cancer | + | 1:10 | short-term memory loss, abnormal psychological behaviors | NA | Died of respiratory failure |
Zhang, 2021 | Lung cancer | 1:10 | - | Amnesia, confusion, psychiatric disturbances | NA | Improvement in mood disorders and psychosis die of tumor |
Zhang, 2021 | Lung cancer | 1:10 | - | Psychiatric disturbances and amnesia | Y | mRS = 0 |
Dogan Onugoren, 2015 | Ovarian tumor | 1:16000 | NA | Memory deficits (multi-phase), psychosyndrome | NA | mRS = 0 |
Presented case | Ovarian tumor | 1:3.2 | 1:32 | Cognitive dysfunction, consciousness and autonomic dysfunction | Y | mRS = 0 |
Bataller, 2010 | Breast cancer | NA | 1:10 | Confusion, hypersomnia, visual hallucinations, and combativeness | NA | mRS = 0 |
LauridoSoto, 2019 | Thymic tumor | 1:256 | 1:256 | Cognitive dysfunction, psychiatric symptoms, dyskinesia, hypoventilation | Y | mRS = 0 |
Yang, 2016 | Thymic tumor | 1:10 | - | Paroxysmal paresthesia, seizure, consciousness dysfunction | NA | Died 2 months later |
Zhang, 2021 | Thymic tumor | 1:100 | - | Psychiatric disturbances, amnesia, confusion | NA | Died |
Zhang, 2021 | Thymic tumor | 1:100 | 1:100 | Amnesia, consciousness dysfunction, psychiatric disturbances, dyskinesia, right face and perioral numbness | NA | mRS = 0 |
Luo, 2019 | Thymic tumor | 1:1000 | 1:32 | Cognitive dysfunction, psychiatric symptoms, autonomic dysfunction | NA | Mild long-time memory deficits |
Safadi, 2020 | Thymic tumor | NA | 1:256 1:3.2(after immunotherapy) | Consciousness and autonomic dysfunction | Y | Significantly improved |
Qiao, 2021 | Thymic tumor | 1:32 1:32(after immunotherapy) | 1:3.2 1:1(after immunotherapy) | Cognitive dysfunction, consciousness dysfunction, psychiatric symptoms, dyskinesia | Y | Remained unable to identify his family members, and the aphasia persisted |