Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of factors associated with refusal of radiotherapy in patients with stage I/II

Age (years)

 <40

Ref

Ref

 40–65

1.43 (1.09–1.91)

1.60 (1.20–2.16)

 >65

3.32 (2.54–4.43)

2.89 (2.15–3.96)

Marital status at diagnosis

 Married

Ref

Ref

 Divorced

1.62 (1.33–1.97)

1.45 (1.19–1.76)

 Separated

1.51 (0.91–2.48)

1.46 (0.88–2.42)

 Single

1.32 (1.12–1.57)

1.34 (1.13–1.59)

 Widowed

2.34 (2.01–2.72)

1.35 (1.14–1.59)

Income ($)

 <36,580

Ref

Ref

 36,580–42,810

1.25 (1.09–1.42)

0.93 (0.79–1.11)

 >42,810

0.45 (0.37–0.53)

0.26 (0.20–0.33)

Unemployed

 <52.4%

Ref

Ref

 52.4-71.4%

1.53 (1.30–1.80)

0.88 (0.74–1.05)

 >71.4%

1.69 (1.45–1.99)

0.86 (0.67–1.10)

Education (less than high school)

 <18.75%

Ref

Ref

 18.75-28.20%

1.24 (1.06–1.44)

1.13 (0.96–1.33)

 >28.20%

1.30 (1.12–1.51)

0.81 (0.64–1.03)

Foreign born

 <5.04%

Ref

Ref

 5.04-15.66%

1.19 (1.03–1.39)

1.82 (1.51–2.19)

 >15.66%

1.10 (0.95–1.28)

1.60 (1.30–1.97)

Surgery

 Not Performed

Ref

Ref

 Recommended but not performed

5.91 (4.35–8.11)

5.52 (4.03–7.60)

 Yes

0.95 (0.74–1.23)

1.11 (0.86–1.46)

Grade

 Moderately differentiated (grade II)

Ref

Ref

 Poorly differentiated (grade III)

1.23 (1.06–1.43)

1.73 (1.49–2.01)

 Undifferentiated/anaplastic (grade IV)

1.28 (1.03–1.57)

2.39 (1.91–2.95)

 Well differentiated (grade I)

0.60 (0.50–0.71)

0.54 (0.45–0.64)

Primary site, n (%)

 Cervical cancer

Ref

Ref

 Endometrial cancer

1.12 (0.95–1.32)

1.05 (0.87–1.28)

 Ovarian cancer

0.11 (0.07–0.16)

0.13 (0.09–0.20)

 Vulvar cancer

1.46 (1.07–1.97)

1.18 (0.85–1.61)

Chemotherapy, n (%)

 Yes

Ref

Ref

 No/Unknown

0.24 (0.19–0.29)

0.28 (0.22–0.35)