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Fig. 1 | BMC Women's Health

Fig. 1

From: The causal effect of educational attainment on stress urinary incontinence: a two-sample mendelian randomization study

Fig. 1

Schematic representation of the TSMR, which is based on three key assumptions: first, there is a significant association between genetic variance and exposure; second, there is no correlation between the instrumental variable (IV) and any confounding factors; and third, IV is only associated with SUI (outcome) through educational attainment (exposure) and not through direct association

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BMC Women's Health

ISSN: 1472-6874

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