Table 2 Distribution of schooling years and fertility by woman’s socio-demographic characteristics, 2010 MDHS
| Â | Years of Schooling | Children ever born | Â | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | n (%) | 0 (%) | 1-8 (%) | 9+ (%) | \(\boldsymbol{\chi ^{2}}\) p-val | 0 (%) | 1-4 (%) | 5+ (%) | \(\boldsymbol{\chi ^{2}}\) p-val |
Overall sample | 23,020 (100) | 3,591 (15.6) | 15,299 (66.5) | 4,130 (17.9) | Â | 4,979 (21.6) | 11,424 (49.6) | 6,617 (28.7) | Â |
Ethinicity | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Tumbuka/Tonga/other | 7,778 (33.8) | 678 (08.7) | 5,243 (67.4) | 1,857 (23.9) |  | 1,768 (22.7) | 3,824 (49.2) | 2,186 (28.1) |  |
      Lomwe/Yao/Sena | 7,443 (32.3) | 1,500 (20.2) | 4,767 (64.0) | 1,176 (15.8) |  | 1,513 (20.3) | 3,875 (52.1) | 2,055 (27.6) |  |
      Chewa/Nyanja | 7,799 (33.9) | 1,413 (18.1) | 5,289 (67.8) | 1,097 (14.1) |  | 1,698 (21.8) | 3,725 (47.8) | 2,376 (30.5) |  |
Religion | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      None/other | 192 (00.8) | 77 (40.1) | 108 (56.3) | 7 (03.6) |  | 21 (10.9) | 96 (50) | 75 (39.1) |  |
      Muslim | 2,530 (11.0) | 683 (27.0) | 1,584 (62.6) | 263 (10.4) |  | 465 (18.4) | 1,275 (50.4) | 790 (31.2) |  |
      Christian | 20,298 (88.2) | 2,831 (13.9) | 13,607 (67.0) | 3,860 (19.0) |  | 4,493 (22.1) | 10,053 (49.5) | 5,752 (28.3) |  |
Wealth status | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Poor | 9,045 (39.3) | 2,119 (23.4) | 6,466 (71.5) | 460 (05.1) |  | 1,629 (18.0) | 4,447 (49.2) | 2,969 (32.8) |  |
      Middle | 4,721 (20.5) | 759 (16.1) | 3,467 (73.4) | 495 (10.5) |  | 887 (18.8) | 2,471 (52.3) | 1,363 (28.9) |  |
      Rich | 9,254 (40.2) | 713 (07.7) | 5,366 (58.0) | 3,175 (34.3) |  | 2,463 (26.6) | 4,506 (48.7) | 2,285 (24.7) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Unmarried | 4,526 (19.7) | 104 (02.3) | 2,931 (64.8) | 1,491 (32.9) |  | 4,147 (91.6) | 375 (08.3) | 4 (00.1) |  |
      Married/cohabited | 15,445 (67.1) | 2,889 (18.7) | 10,357 (67.1) | 2,199 (14.2) |  | 739 (04.8) | 9,137 (59.2) | 5,569 (36.1) |  |
      Separated/other | 3,049 (13.2) | 598 (19.6) | 2,011 (66.0) | 440 (14.4) |  | 93 (03.1) | 1,912 (62.7) | 1,044 (34.2) |  |
Occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Not working | 6,177 (26.8) | 841 (13.6) | 3,941 (63.8) | 1,395 (22.6) |  | 2,272 (36.8) | 2,698 (43.7) | 1,207 (19.5) |  |
      Domestic/Nonformal | 16,126 (70.1) | 2,730 (16.9) | 11,214 (69.5) | 2,182 (13.5) |  | 2,570 (15.9) | 8,252 (51.2) | 5,304 (32.9) |  |
      Professional/formal | 717 (03.1) | 20 (02.8) | 144 (20.1) | 553 (77.1) |  | 137 (19.1) | 474 (66.1) | 106 (14.8) |  |
Contraceptive use | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.490 | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Non-user/other | 15,554 (67.6) | 2,399 (15.4) | 10,344 (66.5) | 2,811 (18.1) |  | 4,829 (31.0) | 7,055 (45.4) | 3,670 (23.6) |  |
      User | 7,466 (32.4) | 1,192 (16.0) | 4,955 (66.4) | 1,319 (17.7) |  | 150 (02.0) | 4,369 (58.5) | 2,947 (39.5) |  |
Place of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Urban | 3,068 (13.3) | 196 (06.4) | 1,435 (46.8) | 1,437 (46.8) |  | 889 (29.0) | 1,675 (54.6) | 504 (16.4) |  |
      Rural | 19,952 (86.7) | 3,395 (17.0) | 13,864 (69.5) | 2,693 (13.5) |  | 4,090 (20.5) | 9,749 (48.9) | 6,113 (30.6) |  |
Region | Â | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) | Â | Â | Â | \(<0.0001\) |
      Northern | 4,189 (18.2) | 150 (03.6) | 3,043 (72.6) | 996 (23.8) |  | 908 (21.7) | 2,070 (49.4) | 1,211 (28.9) |  |
      Central | 7,862 (34.2) | 1,383 (17.6) | 5,266 (67.0) | 1,213 (15.4) |  | 1,801 (22.9) | 3,648 (46.4) | 2,413 (30.7) |  |
      Southern | 10,969 (47.6) | 2,058 (18.8) | 6,990 (63.7) | 1,921 (17.5) |  | 2,270 (20.7) | 5,706 (52.0) | 2,993 (27.3) |  |
Median age (SD) | Â | 36 (8.57) | 26 (9.28) | 24 (7.04) | Â | 17 (4.64) | 26 (6.57) | 38 (6.17) | Â |
Median age at 1st sex (SD) | Â | 16 (3.32) | 16 (2.96) | 18 (3.18) | Â | 17 (3.97) | 16 (2.72) | 16 (2.87) | Â |
Raw correlation (pval) | -0.4108 (\(<0.0001\)) | ||||||||