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Table 4 Effects of women socio-demographic characteristics on years of schooling and fertility outcomes upon fitting bivariate Poisson model to full MDHS data

From: A bivariate Poisson regression to analyse impact of outlier women on correlation between female schooling and fertility in Malawi

 

2004MDHS (\(\boldsymbol{n=11,698}\))

2010 MDHS (\(\boldsymbol{n=23,020}\))

2015-16 MDHS (\(\boldsymbol{n=24,562}\))

 

Schooling

Fertility

Schooling

Fertility

Schooling

Fertility

Variable

Log-Mean (pv)

Log-Mean (pv)

Log-Mean (pv)

Log-Mean (pv)

Log-Mean (pv)

Log-Mean (pv)

Intercept

1.47 (\(<0.0001\))

-2.74 (\(<0.0001\))

1.48 (\(<0.0001\))

-2.74 (\(<0.0001\))

1.42 (\(<0.0001\))

-2.17 (\(<0.0001\))

Ethnicity

      

   Tumbuka/Tonga/ot\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   Lomwe/Yao/Sena

-0.132 (\(<0.0001\))

0.001 (0.963)

-0.094 (\(<0.0001\))

0.001 (0.935)

-0.058 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.013 (0.300)

   Chewa/Nyanja

-0.099 (\(<0.0001\))

0.050 (0.002)

-0.105 (\(<0.0001\))

0.024 (0.0327)

-0.087 (\(<0.0001\))

0.019 (0.0834)

Religion

      

   None/Other\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   Muslim

0.147 (0.014)

0.036 (0.452)

-0.183 (\(<0.0001\))

0.014 (0.295)

0.153 (0.0005)

0.110 (0.0159)

   Christian

0.448 (\(<0.0001\))

0.002 (0.963)

-0.186 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.021 (0.115)

0.347 (\(<0.0001\))

0.025 (0.573)

Wealth

      

   Poor\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

     Middle

0.176 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.009 (0.523)

0.220 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.057 (\(<0.0001\))

0.180 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.040 (0.0002)

   Rich

0.563 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.079 (\(<0.0001\))

0.466 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.115 (\(<0.0001\))

0.416 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.112 (\(<0.0001\))

Marital status

      

   Unmarried\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

     Married/cohabited

-0.062 (\(<0.0001\))

2.47 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.042 (\(<0.0001\))

2.71 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.020 (0.0112)

1.98 (\(<0.0001\))

   Separated/other

0.060 (0.0015)

2.34 (\(<0.0001\))

0.057 (\(<0.0001\))

2.55 (\(<0.0001\))

0.004 (0.706)

1.902 (\(<0.0001\))

Occupation

      

   Not working\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   Domestic/informal

-0.027 (0.0068)

0.031 (0.0088)

-0.006 (0.376)

0.033 (0.0004)

-0.0003 (0.956)

0.036 (\(<0.0001\))

   Professional/formal

0.122 (\(<0.0001\))

0.009 (0.611)

0.507 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.198 (\(<0.0001\))

0.334 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.080 (\(<0.0001\))

Contraceptive use

      

   Non-user/other\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   User

0.144 (\(<0.0001\))

0.183 (\(<0.0001\))

0.079 (\(<0.0001\))

0.159 (\(<0.0001\))

0.044 (\(<0.0001\))

0.188 (\(<0.0001\))

Place of residence

      

   Urban\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   Rural

-0.248 (\(<0.0001\))

0.126 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.185 (\(<0.0001\))

0.135 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.185 (\(<0.0001\))

0.145 (\(<0.0001\))

Region

      

   Northern\(^\mathrm{a}\)  

      

   Central

-0.166 (\(<0.0001\))

0.019 (0.351)

-0.183 (\(<0.0001\))

0.014 (0.295)

-0.087 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.023 (0.0727)

   Southern

-0.153 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.039 (0.0496)

-0.186 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.021 (0.115)

-0.107 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.019 (0.148)

Current age

-0.027 (\(<0.0001\))

0.058 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.025 (\(<0.0001\))

0.055 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.021 (\(<0.0001\))

0.058 (\(<0.0001\))

Age at 1st sex

0.026 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.026 (\(<0.0001\))

0.028 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.032 (\(<0.0001\))

0.036 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.041 (\(<0.0001\))

Correlation (pv)

-0.627 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.681 (\(<0.0001\))

-0.621 (\(<0.0001\))

AIC

100,903.14

192,796.76

203,069.20

  1. \(^\mathrm{a}\) = reference category, pv = p-value