Characteristic | Serum 25(OH)D concentrations (nmol/L) | P value | P for trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 25.00 (n = 353) | 25.00–49.99 (n = 2204) | 50.00–74.99 (n = 3084) | ≥ 75.00 (n = 3884) | |||
Age (mean (SD))$ | 60.44 (10.13) | 60.40 (10.66) | 61.05 (10.71) | 64.85 (10.83) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Race_2 = White (%)* | 62 (17.6) | 634 (28.8) | 1309 (42.4) | 2370 (61.0) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Education (%)* |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
College or above$ | 125 (37.2) | 839 (39.4) | 1291 (43.2) | 1967 (52.3) | Â | Â |
High school or equivalent | 175 (52.1) | 947 (44.4) | 1266 (42.4) | 1446 (38.4) | Â | Â |
Less than high school | 36 (10.7) | 346 (16.2) | 430 (14.4) | 350 ( 9.3) | Â | Â |
Income (mean (SD))$ | 2.01 (1.39) | 2.26 (1.54) | 2.49 (1.59) | 2.88 (1.63) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Drink = Yes (%)* | 112 (57.4) | 684 (55.8) | 939 (56.8) | 1259 (61.8) | 0.002 | 0.005 |
Smoke = Yes (%)* | 162 (45.9) | 909 (41.3) | 1143 (37.1) | 1478 (38.1) | < 0.001 | 0.016 |
BMI (mean (SD))$ | 33.60 (9.12) | 32.12 (7.79) | 30.17 (7.02) | 28.65 (6.84) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Diabetes = Yes (%)* | 94 (26.7) | 496 (22.5) | 551 (17.9) | 657 (16.9) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension = Yes (%)* | 211 (59.9) | 1214 (55.3) | 1535 (49.8) | 2162 (55.7) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia = Yes (%)* | 150 (46.9) | 910 (45.3) | 1437 (50.4) | 2028 (53.8) | < 0.001 | 0.001 |
Stroke = Yes (%)* | 33 ( 9.3) | 134 ( 6.1) | 165 ( 5.4) | 247 ( 6.4) | 0.019 | 0.019 |
Asthma = Yes (%)* | 68 (19.3) | 348 (15.8) | 483 (15.7) | 615 (15.8) | 0.36 | 0.478 |
Hysterectomy = Yes (%)* | 127 (36.2) | 748 (34.8) | 1040 (34.5) | 1485 (38.7) | 0.001 | 0.115 |
Ever_pregnant_level (%)* |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
1 ~ 2 | 111 (33.9) | 596 (29.7) | 846 (30.2) | 1260 (36.0) |  |  |
3 ~ 5 | 157 (48.0) | 1068 (53.1) | 1531 (54.6) | 1825 (52.1) |  |  |
> 5 | 59 (18.0) | 346 (17.2) | 426 (15.2) | 415 (11.9) | Â | Â |
Vaginal_deliveries_level (%)* |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 | 0.004 |
0 | 52 (15.8) | 309 (15.2) | 374 (13.2) | 462 (13.1) | Â | Â |
1 ~ 2 | 121 (36.8) | 711 (35.0) | 1085 (38.4) | 1492 (42.4) |  |  |
3 ~ 5 | 131 (39.8) | 825 (40.7) | 1136 (40.2) | 1346 (38.3) |  |  |
> 5 | 25 ( 7.6) | 184 ( 9.1) | 231 ( 8.2) | 216 ( 6.1) | Â | Â |
UL_bin = Yes (%)* | 191 (54.1) | 1095 (49.7) | 1530 (49.6) | 2144 (55.2) | < 0.001 | 0.082 |
UL_level (%)* |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 | 0.144 |
Never | 162 (45.9) | 1109 (50.3) | 1554 (50.4) | 1740 (44.8) | Â | Â |
less than once a month | 40 (11.3) | 293 (13.3) | 410 (13.3) | 572 (14.7) | Â | Â |
A few times a month | 50 (14.2) | 321 (14.6) | 456 (14.8) | 664 (17.1) | Â | Â |
A few times a week | 40 (11.3) | 195 ( 8.8) | 285 ( 9.2) | 397 (10.2) | Â | Â |
Every day and/or night | 61 (17.3) | 286 (13.0) | 379 (12.3) | 511 (13.2) | Â | Â |