Table 2 Descriptive summary of included studies

1

D’Albis

2017 [4]

26 European countries

cross-sectional wave of the EU-SILC( European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC)

Women: 22,143

38-44 y

Need for childcare services

Increase in women's wages

Supportive:

Women's Socio-Occupational support.

Financial

2

Rutigliano R, Lozano M

2022 [14]

Spain

Cross-sectional

Women: 14556

Men: 2619

18-55 y

Grandparent support and informal care

Supportive:

Family support

3

Luksik I, Bianchi G. 2016 [15]

Slovakia

Correlational

Women: 1,414

24-36 y

Need to use the TPB (theory of planned behavior) model to create the intention to have a second child

Educational

4

Xu X, Zuo H, Shi Z, et al

2017 [16]

China

Cross sectional

Pregnant women: 2345

>18 y

Teaching the benefits of children or love for children

Increase income

Solving the problem of unemployment

Educational

Financial

5

Jingyue Zhang. 2020 [17]

China

Correlational

Women: 1,834

20-45 y

Direct parenting costs and second child anxiety

Job concern

Paying attention to the availability of entertainment time and place on the anxiety of having a second child in women

Financial

Supportive:

Socio-Occupational support

6

Breton D,

Prioux F. 2009 [18]

France

Two complementary household surveys

Men and women: 109,602

20-45 y

Balance between work and family for women

Culture building for the next generation

Participation in religious meetings

Educational

Cultural

7

Nagase N, Brinton M.

2017 [19]

Japan

Japanese longitudinal survey

Men and women: 20,486

20-34 y

Increasing the participation of men in housework and the need for changes in the labor law

Supportive

Men's Socio-Occupational support

8

Wang q, sun x.

2020 [20]

China

Online survey, Correlational

Men and women: 984

18-40 y

Good economic situation

Lowering the age of marriage and first childbearing

Reducing the spacing between children

"Cultural factors"

Financial

Cultural

9

Mansour F

2018 [21]

United States

Correlational

Women: 14,307

21-35 y

The need to solve economic insecurity

Financial

10

Levin V, Besedina E.

2016 [22]

Russia

Correlational

Women: 3,292

15- 44 y

Having a stable job

Availability, affordability and quality of formal childcare

Teaching ways to empower the combination of work and family

Housing provision

Improving the quality of marital relationships

Financial

Supportive

Socio-Occupational support

Educational

11

Hwang W, Kim S.

2021 [23]

South Korea

Correlational

Women: 488

18-44 y

Culturalization of men's participation in child care.

Creating egalitarian gender attitudes

Learning appropriate parenting knowledge for fathers at the birth of their first child.

Educational

12

Liu J, Liu M, Zhang S.

2020 [24]

China

Cross-sectional

Women: 11, 991

18-49 y

Removing economic, parenting (educational and educational) and health barriers to fertility

Financial

Educational Supportive: Social

health care support

13

Zhu C, Yan L 2022 [25]

China

Cross-sectional

Couples: 1,026

20-45 y

Prevention of late pregnancy,

Spacing 3 to 6 years from the first child.

Child allowance and

Children's educational barriers

Financial

Educational

14

Validova A

2018 [26]

Russia

Correlational

Women:35,402

15-49 y

Access to formal childcare options

Supportive

Socio-Occupational support

15

Yoon SY.

2017 [27]

Korea

Correlational

Women: 526

<41 years

Supporting husbands, parents or husband's family to do housework and child care

Supportive

Family support by husbands

16

Mobasheri M, Alidousti M.

2013 [7]

Iran

Cross-sectional

Women: 180

18-44 y

Reducing costs and economic pressures

Government support and facilities for having children

Creating the right attitude to childbearing

Financial Educational

17

Basu AM,

Desai S.

2016 [6]

India

The India human development survey of 2004–2005 (IHDS). Correlational

women: 33,524

15-49 y

Counseling for self-actualization and personal freedoms of parents

Educational