Table 3 The comparison of participants' Short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL- BREF) scores (n=65)
Physical Health | Intervention Group | Control Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Test value/P-value | Cohen's d | 95% Cl | |
Baseline (a) | 24.06±2.98 | 22.91±3.50 | t=1.435 P=0.156 | 0.356 | -0.454 to 2.762 |
First follow-up (b) | 25.48±3.15 | 23.28±4.30 | t=2.362 P=0.021* | 0.586 | 0.339 to 4.068 |
Second follow-up (c) | 25.18±4.74 | 23.44±3.70 | t=1.651 P=0.104 | 0.410 | -0.367 to 3.856 |
Time | F=2.02 P=0.143 | ||||
Group | F=5.28 P=0.025 | ||||
Group × time | F=0.56 P=0.554 | ||||
Mauchly's test of sphericity: Mauchly's W; 0.879, Approx. Chi-Square; 8.009, p;0.018. The Greenhouse-Geisser test was utilized due to the assumption that sphericity was unmet. | |||||
Psychological Domain | |||||
Mean±SD (Median, Min-Max) | Mean±SD (Median, Min-Max) | Test value/P- value | |||
Baseline (a) | 19.12±3.16 (19.5, 13-25) | 18.13±3.18 (18.0, 11-24) | t=1.267 P=0.210 | 0.314 | -0.575 to 2.568 |
First follow-up (b) | 19.73±2.27 (18.5, 13-24) | 17.88±2.64 (18.5, 13-22) | t=3.040 P=0.003* | 0.754 | 0.635 to 3.070 |
Second follow-up (c) | 18.67±3.03 (19.0, 7-23) | 18.16±3.18 (19.0, 9-24) | U=472.5 P=0.463 | 0.164 | -1.029 to 2.050 |
Test/ P | X=1.702 P=0.427 | X=0.698 P=0.705 | |||
Social Domain | |||||
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Test value/P-value | |||
Baseline (a) | 10.48±1.70 | 10.69±1.49 | t=-0.511 P=0.611 | 0.127 | -0.996 to 0.590 |
First follow-up (b) | 10.70±1.78 | 10.41±1.60 | t=0.692 P=0.492 | 0.172 | -0.549 to 1.130 |
Second follow-up (c) | 10.30±2.08 | 10.13±1.74 | t=0.374 P=0.710 | 0.093 | -0.774 to 1.130 |
Time | F = 2.00 P=0.140 | ||||
Group | F = 0.60 P=0.807 | ||||
Group × time | F = 0.79 P=0.456 | ||||
Mauchly's test of sphericity: Mauchly's W; 0.987, Approx. Chi-Square; 0.842, p;0.656. The Sphericity Assumed test was utilized as the assumption of sphericity was met. | |||||
Environment Domain | |||||
Mean±SD | Mean±SD | Test value /P-value | |||
Baseline (a) | 30.27±4.88 | 30.56±2.76 | t=-0.293 P=0.770 | 0.073 | -2.257 to 1.677 |
First follow-up (b) | 30.15±3.51 | 29.69±3.77 | t=0.514 P=0.609 | 0.127 | -1.341 to 2.269 |
Second follow-up (c) | 29.88±4.22 | 29.31±3.47 | t=0.590 P=0.557 | 0.146 | -1.351 to 2.484 |
Time | F = 1.05 P=0.354 | ||||
Group | F = 0.13 P= 0.719 | ||||
Group × time | F = 0.33 P=0.717 | ||||
Mauchly's test of sphericity: Mauchly's W; 0.900, Approx. Chi-Square; 6.516, p;0.038. The Greenhouse-Geisser test was utilized due to the assumption that sphericity was unmet. | |||||