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  1. Cervical cancer is considered treatable as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Pap smear test is a screening tool that plays an important role in the early detection, prevention and can preve...

    Authors: Ali Khani Jeihooni, Hanieh Jormand and Pooyan Afzali Harsini

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:290

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Cervical cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer in females. The Pap smear is one of the most essential ways of diagnosing and screening for this malignancy, and any failure can be caused by a numbe...

    Authors: Tayebeh Marashi, Seyed Fahim Irandoost, Javad Yoosefi Lebni and Goli Soofizad

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:287

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important public health problem with health and socioeconomic consequences and is endemic in Namibia. Studies assessing risk factors for IPV often use logistic and Poisson...

    Authors: Oludoyinmola Ojifinni, Innocent Maposa and Latifat Ibisomi

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:286

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Consequences of long-term B cell depletion with rituximab are not well understood. We describe inflammatory vaginitis as a potential side effect of long-term rituximab treatment, distinct from previously descr...

    Authors: Laura Yockey, Sarah Dowst, Reza Zonozi, Noah Huizenga, Patrick Murphy, Karen Laliberte, Jillian Rosenthal, John L. Niles and Caroline M. Mitchell

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:285

    Content type: Research article

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  6. The prevalence of Intimate partner violence (IPV) is higher in societies with higher acceptance of norms that support IPV. In Ethiopia, the proportion of women’s acceptance of IPV was 69%, posing a central cha...

    Authors: Emiru Merdassa Atomssa, Araya Abrha Medhanyie and Girmatsion Fisseha

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:283

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Oxidized regenerated cellulose is considered an optimal local hemostatic agent thanks to its favorable biocompatibility, absorption characteristics and ease-of-use. Recently, oxidized regenerated cellulose has...

    Authors: Gianluca Franceschini

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:281

    Content type: Correspondence

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    The original article was published in BMC Women's Health 2021 21:99

  9. The connections between sleep quality and central obesity among reproductive-aged women are not clear. The study aimed to explore the association between sleep quality and central obesity among Chinese reprodu...

    Authors: Bingbing Li, Nan Liu, Donghui Guo, Bo Li, Yan Liang, Lingling Huang, Xiaoxiao Wang, Zhenzhen Su, Guozeng Zhang and Peixi Wang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:280

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Although menstruation is a normal physiological process that begins in girls during adolescence, it has the potential to negatively impact on the self-esteem and education of girls particularly those from low-...

    Authors: Maxwell Tii Kumbeni, Florence Assibi Ziba, Joana Apenkwa and Easmon Otupiri

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:279

    Content type: Research

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  11. The first birth is the most significant events in a woman's life that indicates the beginning of undertaking the intensive responsibilities of motherhood and childcare. Age at first birth has health, economic ...

    Authors: Desalegn Anmut Bitew, Yohannes Ayanaw Habitu and Abebaw Addis Gelagay

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:278

    Content type: Research

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  13. Gynecologic cancers are among the most prevalent malignancies in China. Cervical and uterine cancer respectively account for the sixth and eighth highest incidence of cancer among Chinese women. Abdominal surg...

    Authors: Ting Zhang, Ying-ying Zheng, Zhi-rong Yang, Qiuling Shi, Xin Shelley Wang, Jun Zhao, Min Yang, Chun-lin Wu and Guo-rong Wang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:276

    Content type: Research

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  14. One-handed backhand (OB) and two-handed backhand (TB) styles are commonly used in tennis, but only TB generates loadings on the non-dominant arm and a greater extension torque on the rear leg, leading to a gre...

    Authors: Ho-Seng Wang, Yi-Shan Tsai, Yung-Chih Chen, Hsiao-Han Chao, Hsin-Shih Lin, Yi-Pin Chiang and Hou-Yu Chen

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:275

    Content type: Research

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  15. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an important health issue for women. Infection and inflammation play an important role in carcinogenesis and PID has been reported to be associated with ovarian cancer in s...

    Authors: Cherry Yin-Yi Chang, Kent Yu-Hsien Lin, Chien-Chu Huang and Wu-Chou Lin

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:274

    Content type: Research

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  16. Unsafe abortion is one of the major public health problems in Thailand. Although the penal code of Thailand and the Thai Medical Council permit doctors to perform safe abortion in certain conditions, little is...

    Authors: Nithiwat Saengruang, Nisachol Cetthakrikul, Anond Kulthanmanusorn, Somtanuek Chotchoungchatchai, Nareerut Pudpong and Rapeepong Suphanchaimat

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:273

    Content type: Research

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  17. In 2016, the national user fee exemption policy for women and children under five was introduced in Burkina Faso. It covers most reproductive healthcare services for women including prenatal care, delivery, an...

    Authors: Camille Beaujoin, Alice Bila, Frank Bicaba, Véronique Plouffe, Abel Bicaba and Thomas Druetz

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:272

    Content type: Research

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  19. Malignant obstruction and associated hydronephrosis is a common complication of advanced cervical cancer. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) followed by antegrade stenting is often required to relieve obstruction ...

    Authors: Yi-Hsuan Chen, Marcelo Chen and Yu-Hsin Chen

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:270

    Content type: Case report

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  20. An adenomyoma is a well circumscribed form of adenomyosis and can be located within the myometrium, in the endometrium as a polyp, or extrauterine with the last being the rarest presentation amongst the three....

    Authors: Mohammed Nagdi Zaki, Aafia Mohammed Farooq Gheewale, Nada Ibrahim and Ibrahim Abd Elrahman

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:269

    Content type: Case report

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  21. The majority of postmenopausal breast cancer (PMBC) survivors do not adhere to lifestyle recommendations and have excess body weight. In this group, this is associated with poorer health-related quality of lif...

    Authors: Sandra J. M. van Cappellen-van Maldegem, Floortje Mols, Nicole Horevoorts, Anja de Kruif, Laurien M. Buffart, Dounya Schoormans, Hester Trompetter, Sandra Beijer, Nicole P. M. Ezendam, Michiel de Boer, Renate Winkels, Ellen Kampman, Jantine Schuit, Lonneke van de Poll-Franse, Jacob C. Seidell and Meeke Hoedjes

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:268

    Content type: Study protocol

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  22. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of female cancer mortality in Botswana with the majority of cervical cancer patients presenting with late-stage disease. The identification of factors associated with late-...

    Authors: Tara M. Friebel-Klingner, Rebecca Luckett, Lisa Bazzett-Matabele, Tlotlo B. Ralefala, Barati Monare, Mercy Nkuba Nassali, Doreen Ramogola-Masire, Memory Bvochora, Nandita Mitra, Douglas Wiebe, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Anne Marie McCarthy and Surbhi Grover

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:267

    Content type: Research

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  25. Robert’s uterus is a rare Mullerian anomaly, which can be described as an asymmetric, septate uterus with a non-communicating hemicavity. Herein, we present the case of a misdiagnosed Robert’s uterus, resultin...

    Authors: Iori Kisu, Kanako Nakamura, Tetsuro Shiraishi, Tomoko Iijima, Moito Iijima, Kiyoko Matsuda and Nobumaru Hirao

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:264

    Content type: Case report

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  27. Perimenopausal women experience a wide variety of systemic symptoms: hot flashes, sweating, mental health concerns and various oral sensory complaints (OSC). OSC in perimenopausal women include xerostomia, tas...

    Authors: Tomoharu Taga, Kayoko Ito, Kiyoshi Takamatsu, Mariko Ogawa, Saori Funayama and Makoto Inoue

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:262

    Content type: Research

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  28. The effective use of contraception among adolescents and young women can reduce the risk of unintended pregnancies. However, the prevalence of contraceptive use remains low in this age group. The objective of ...

    Authors: Adja Mariam Ouédraogo, Adama Baguiya, Rachidatou Compaoré, Kadari Cissé, Désiré Lucien Dahourou, Anthony Somé, Halima Tougri and Seni Kouanda

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:261

    Content type: Research

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  29. The influence of lifestyle factors on the quality of life, incidence and tumor recurrence has been evaluated in several studies and is gaining increasing importance in cancer research. However, the extent of t...

    Authors: Daniela Paepke, Clea Wiedeck, Alexander Hapfelmeier, Marion Kiechle and Christine Brambs

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:260

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Despite women are generally overrepresented in behavioral, mental, and musculoskeletal disorders, motherhood as a central part of women’s life is poorly understood in relation to exhaustion and long-lasting pa...

    Authors: Anja Gebhardt, Ann Langius-Eklöf, Susanne Andermo and Maria Arman

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:259

    Content type: Research

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  31. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a significant public health issue that negatively affects the Quality of Life (QOL) of women in both low and high-income countries. About 20% of women will undergo surgery for PO...

    Authors: Musa Kayondo, Dan Kabonge Kaye, Richard Migisha, Rodgers Tugume, Paul Kalyebara Kato, Henry Mark Lugobe and Verena Geissbüehler

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:258

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  32. Colposcopy offers an accurate way to the diagnose of cervical precancerous lesions. However, the diagnostic accuracy of colposcopy is unsatisfied. This study was to evaluate colposcopic accuracy according to t...

    Authors: Bei Zhang, Shuhui Hong, Guihui Zhang and Fengnian Rong

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:257

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Iron deficiency anemia disrupts the concentration of adolescent girls; reduces their academic achievement, productivity, and physical strength, and increases the risk of infection. This research aim was to eva...

    Authors: Ali Khani Jeihooni, Sanaz Hoshyar, Pooyan Afzali Harsini and Tayebeh Rakhshani

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:256

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Female sex workers and addicted women are among the vulnerable groups who impose high costs on the health system of every society. They are prone to psychological problems such as anxiety, stress, and reduced ...

    Authors: Hamideh Adelian, Sedigheh Khodabandeh Shahraki, Sakineh Miri and Jamileh Farokhzadian

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:255

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. In developing countries, 20,000 under 18 children give birth every day. In Ethiopia, teenage pregnancy is high with Afar and Somalia regions having the largest share. Even though teenage pregnancy has bad mate...

    Authors: Seblewongel Tigabu, Alemneh Mekuriaw Liyew and Bisrat Misganaw Geremew

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:254

    Content type: Research

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  36. Data on long-term cosmetic outcome, overall survival, and disease-free survival of endoscope-assisted partial mastectomy (EAPM) for breast cancer are scarce. Thus, we examined these outcomes after a 10-year fo...

    Authors: Nobuyuki Takemoto, Ai Koyanagi and Hiroshi Yamamoto

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:253

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. This study analyzed the changes of serum and pathological biomarkers during fertility-sparing therapy of endometrial cancer (EC) or endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH), to investigate their implications for...

    Authors: Yiqin Wang, Rong Zhou, Xiaobo Zhang, Huixin Liu, Danhua Shen and Jianliu Wang

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:252

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  38. Cervical cancer screening in sub-Saharan countries relies on primary visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Primary human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening is considered a promising alternative. However,...

    Authors: Keitly Mensah, Charles Kaboré, Salifou Zeba, Magali Bouchon, Véronique Duchesne, Dolorès Pourette, Pierre DeBeaudrap and Alexandre Dumont

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:251

    Content type: Research

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  39. Relugolix is a once-daily, oral, nonpeptide, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety of relugolix over 24 weeks in women with endometriosis-associated p...

    Authors: Yutaka Osuga, Yoshifumi Seki, Masataka Tanimoto, Takeru Kusumoto, Kentarou Kudou and Naoki Terakawa

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:250

    Content type: Research

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  41. To evaluate the indications for admission and mortality rates of women of reproductive age admitted to a tertiary Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to compare the outcomes of obstetric and non-obstetric admissions.

    Authors: Karishma P. Ramlakhan, Diederik Gommers, Carmen E. R. M. Jacobs, Khaoula Makouri, Johannes J. Duvekot, Irwin K. M. Reiss, Arie Franx, Jolien W. Roos-Hesselink and Jérôme M. J. Cornette

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:248

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  42. The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility and tolerance of perianal ultrasound (PAUS) and detect differences in sphincter muscles between various measuring positions and different maneuvers. P...

    Authors: Miriam Hölscher, Charlotte Gräf, Anna-Lena Stickelmann, Elmar Stickeler and Laila Najjari

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:247

    Content type: Research

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  43. Elagolix is an oral, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist, that significantly reduces dysmenorrhea and non-menstrual pelvic pain (NMPP) in women with moderate to severe endometriosis-assoc...

    Authors: Mauricio S. Abrao, Eric Surrey, Keith Gordon, Michael C. Snabes, Hui Wang, Horia Ijacu and Hugh S. Taylor

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:246

    Content type: Research

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  46. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder, management options and maternal and neonatal outcomes of these pregnancies in a resource-limited clinical setting.

    Authors: Maryam Kasraeian, Atefe Hashemi, Kamran Hessami, Shaghayegh Moradi Alamdarloo, Razie Vahdani, Homeira Vafaei, Fateme Sadat Najib, Zahra Shiravani, Behnaz Razavi, Nahid Homayoon, Mahsa Nayebi, Khadije Bazrafshan and Mojgan Akbarzadeh Jahromi

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:243

    Content type: Research

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  47. A persistent research finding in Finland and elsewhere has been variation in medical practices both between and within countries. Variation seems to exist especially if medical decision making involves discret...

    Authors: Tiina Vikstedt, Martti Arffman, Satu Heliövaara-Peippo, Kristiina Manderbacka, Eeva Reissell and Ilmo Keskimäki

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:242

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  48. Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized as a defining human rights, development and public health issue of our time. Economic empowerment is one of the most promising interventions to reduce IPV i...

    Authors: Heidi Stöckl, Anushé Hassan, Meghna Ranganathan and Abigail M. Hatcher

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:241

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related disorder with breathing difficulties. Previous studies revealed that epicardial fat thickness (EFT) correlates with OSA severity. Interestingly, female patients...

    Authors: Yong Zhang, Jian Wang, Wen Shui, Zhenxia Zhang, Juan Li and Jin Ma

    Citation: BMC Women's Health 2021 21:239

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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